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BROKSKAT GRAMMAR
N.Ramaswami
Cases:

All the case markers except genitive are post positions in Gilgiti. In Giligiti, genitive plural ends in o:. In Brokskat, only the possessive pronouns end in o. Most of the case markers in Brokskat are also postpositions. The locative case markers is ro in Gilgiti and Ra in Brokskat. The genitive marker in plural is o: in Gilgiti, which is found in genitive pronouns in Brokskat.

Agentive Case:

Agentive case is significant in all the Shina languages. The subject of a transitive verb takes the agentive case marker though Gilgiti has only one, viz., se and Brokskat has sa and ya in the present and the past respectively.

Indefinite Article:

The indefinite article e : k is one of the significant features of Shina. In Brokskat, the suffix - k, a shortened form of e : k is added to nouns (except proper nouns and pronouns) and adjectives. The suffix - k is used with adjectives and nouns in Gilgiti.

Adjective:

In Shina languages, adjectives agree in gender and number with their nouns but they do not declined for case. But they are declined for case in Guresi and Drasi (Grahame Bailey). I Giligiti and Brokskat adjectives are declined for singular gender and number.

Giligiti

mishto manuzho

  ‘a good man’

mishte manuzhe

  ‘good men’

mishti chei

  ‘a good women’

mishte cheiye

  ‘good women’

Brokskat

i: go mu

  ‘tall man’

i: gemu

  ‘tall men’

 ta : li tiga

  ‘beautiful girl’

ta: li tigayo

  ‘beautiful girls’

Pronouns:

    Gilgiti Brokskat
Ist Person Singular: Nominative
Agentive
ma
mase,mas
ma mo
masa mas
IInd Person Plural: Nom.Agent. beh
bese,bes
ba
basa bas
IInd Person Singular: Nom.Agent tu
t
u:se tu:s
ti ~ tu
t
isa ~ tis
IInd Person Plural: Nom.Agent. tu:se tu:s
t
s oh
co ~ ci
cisa ~ cis

The above chart shows the similarity in the pronominal forms in Giligiti and Brokskat.
Verb:

In Shina languages there are two tenses, viz., past and non-past. Gilgiti and Brokskat also have the same tense distinction. According to Bailey, the idea of passive is not well developed and the passive conveys the conception of an intransitive or middle rather than a true passive. The passive construction is not found in Brokskat.

Imperative:
There is no distinction between imperative singular and imperative plural in Brokskat and Gilgiti.
Conjunction:

Gilgiti has two conjunctive particles, viz., neh and ga, so does Brokskat, viz., u:a and ga. The former used for the conjunction of phrases and sentences and the latter for words. Brokskat thus agrees in many phonological and morphological features as shown by its comparison with Gilgiti. 3. Earlier Works on Brokskat: In the Linguistic Survey of India

      

                                       

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