30. Sando 31. Stakchi 32. Khangral 33. Sanjug and 34. Hartaass.
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In the following villages, Shina is the major language. Purki
comes second.
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1. Jhanigund 2. Kharboo 3. Shumsha 4. Thangskam 5. Thanthal
Thang 6. Bembat 7. Stakboo 8. Goshen 9. Muratbag 10. Pandrass
11. Karkit 12. Karkij Jhoo and 13. Kasksar.
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Kashmiri and Purki are spoken in descending order in the
following villages:
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1. Matain 2. Nilgrat and 3. Qull.
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Purki and Brokskat are spoken in the following villages :
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1. Zhilmoo, 2. Darhiks, 3. Garkoon, 4. Batalick, 5. Tha, 6.
Hanoo and 7. Sharchai.
Villages where Ladakhi and Purki are spoken :
1. Jhoshoat, 2. Nubra, 3. Bugthang, 4. Turtun and 5. Chulunka4
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0.3.
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Background of the people
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The second major language spoken in Ladakh district is Purki.
This language is spoken by thirty three percent of the total
population of Ladakh district5. The Purkis, though they are
Tibetans, have mixed racially with the Dards to a great extent.
They have embraced Islam. Thus the people who speak Ladakhi are
Buddhists and those who speak Purki are Muslims. It is said
locally that all the people of the Ladakh district were once
Buddhists and that during Muslim rule people were converted to
Islam. Their main occupation is agriculture.
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0.4.
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Earlier works
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Though there are articles dealing with the Tibeto-Burman
languages in general, no descriptive grammar describing the
structure of Purki language in detail is available. The only
available study is Grierson’s short out line of Purki structure
in his Linguistic Survey of India, Vol. III Part I. The present
study is the first grammar which describes the structure of
Purki in detail.
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0.5.
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Background of data collection
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The informants used for the collection of Purki data are
educated and working as teachers in primary and secondary
schools. They know both Urdu and English in addition to Purki
and some of them know Kashmiri too. The dinformants selected are
not old and not free from the influence of other languages. More
than 30 percent off words collected are borrowed from Urdu and a
little percentage of words from English. Since the ultimate
objective of this study is education, it is necessary to take up
for analysis a variety which is prestigeous and acceptable to
the community. It is likely that the variety spoken by the
educated class will have more acceptability. Therefore the data
were elicited from the speech of educateed Purki speakers. The
description presented is likely to be different in phonology in
having less number of phonemes if data had been collected from
an uneducated old Purki speaker.
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0.6.
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Organization of the grammar
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Chapter I deals with the phonological aspects of Purki
language. It presents the phonemic inventory and examples to
show the phonemic contrast. It gives a detailed picture of
various kinds of combinations of phonemes. Chapter 2 deals with
phonemic changes of morphemic alternants. Chapter 3 consists of
four major sections dealing with Noun Morphology, Verdb
Morphology, Adjectives and Adverbs
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