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A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF YERAVA
/
/
[
]
Voiced palatal affricate
/
a:hil/ [
a:hil] ‘ignorant’
/sa
ń
oq/ [s^ń
oq] ‘limestone’
/f/
[f]
Voiceless labiodental fricative
/ka:fi/ [ka:fi
.
] ‘coffee’
/s/
[s]
Voiceless alveolar fricative
/sisli
/ [sisli
] ‘skite’
/kis
i/ [kis
i
.
] ‘boat’
/gas/ [g^
s] ‘yard’
/z/
[z]
Voiced alveolar fricative
/zan/ [z
^n] ‘food’
/mo:zi/ [mo:zi
.
] ‘sulphur’
/
/
[
]
Voiceless retroflex fricate
occurs before a consonant
/
na/ [
na
.
]
‘ear’
/zanni
/ [z^n
ni
] ‘stale’
[
]
Voiceless palatal fricative ;
occurs elsewhere
/
a
ku/ [
ku
.
]
‘wolf’
/
o
kai/ [
^
t
k^
i
.
] ‘suicide’
/sa:zi/ [sa:zi
] ‘plot’
/
˛/
[˛]
Voiced palatal fricative
/
˛i
ma/ [˛i
ma
.
] ‘neck’
/a
˛a
/ [a
˛
^
] ‘maternal uncle’
/
/
[
]
Voiceless uvular fricative
/
o/ [
o.] ‘bitter’
ar
atu/ [
^r
^tu
.
] ‘white ant’
/mari
/ [m^ri
] ‘mars’
/
/
[
]
Voiced uvular fricative
/
om/ [
om] ‘hole’
/pa
am/ [p^
^
m] ‘tomato’
/h/
[h]
Voiceless glottal fricative
/hlu
/ [hlu
] ‘air’
/sahar/ [s
^h^r] ‘city’
/m/
[m]
Bilabial nasal
/mi/ [mi
.] ‘man’
/sam
al/ [s^m
^l] ‘moustache’
/nam/ [n^m] ‘sky’
/n/
[
n
]
dental nasal ; occurs before
dental stop.
/men
oq/ [me
n
oq] ‘flower’
[n]
alveolar nasal ; occurs elsewhere
/nina/ [nina
.
]
‘then’
/ma
čen/ [m^č
en] ‘first wife’
/ń/
[ń]
palatal nasal
/
ńā
u
skar/ [
ńā
u
sk^r] ‘mustard’
/mań
a/ [mń
ā
a
.
] ‘peacock’
/
/
[
]
velar nasal
/
on/ [
on] ‘publicity’
/mi
čan/ [mi
č^n] ‘famous’
/rzo
/ [rzo
] ‘chisel’
/1/
[
]
voiceless alveolar fricativized
lateral ; occurs before voiceless
consonants which are not
morpheme initial
/lčorba/ [
čorba.] ‘worship’
/mel
čh
e/ [me
čhe
.
] ‘flame’
[1]
voiced alveolar lateral ; occurs
elsewhere
/I
oq/ [I
oq] ‘mud’
/
nalpaqs/ [
n^lp^qs] ‘earlobe’
/qa:
il/ [qa:
il] ‘murderer’
/r/
[r]
alveolar flap
/rgo/ [rgo
.
] ‘body’
/gra/ [gra
.
] ‘fine’
/par/ /p^r/ ‘clay mould’
/w/
[w]
bilabial frictionless (semivowel0
continuant
/waqs/ [w^qs] ‘time’
/r
d
wa/ [r
d
wa
.
] ‘stone’
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