:: CIIL Grammars ::

1.3.2.

Consonants

Phoneme	Allophone	Description and Distribution
/p/	[p]	Voiceless bilabial stop /pice/ [pice^.] ‘rat’ /apo/ [apo.] ‘grand father’ /adap/ [a^{š^p] ‘literature’}
/b/	[b]	Voiced bilabial stop /bila/ [bila^.] ‘cat’ /kabzi] k^bzi^.] ‘constipation’
/p^h/	[p^h]	Voiceless aspirated bilabial stop /p^hrin/ [p^hrin] ‘message’
/t/	[t]	Voiceless dental stop /turu/ [turu^.] ‘spindle’ /o:i/ [o:i^.] ‘dhoti’ /uniya:/ [uniya:] ‘universe’
/t^h/	[t^h]	Voiceless aspirated dental stop /^hepo/ [^hepo^.] ‘thumb’ /bya^han/ [by^^h^n] ‘desert’
/d/	[š]	voiced dental slit fricative ; occurs in intervocalic position /a:za:i/ [a:za:ši^.] ‘freedom’
	[d]	voiced dental stop ; occurs elsewhere /ika/ [ikad^.] ‘here’ /banarga/ [b^n^rga^.] ‘harbour’
/t/	[t]	voiceless alveolar stop /tilbu/ [tilbu^.] ‘anklet’ /tutu/ [tutu^.] ‘throat’ /o:t/ [o:t] ‘vote’
/t^h/	[t^h]	Voiceless aspirated alveolar stop /t^huk/ [t^huk] ‘thickness’ [ot^hul/ [ot^hul] ‘testicle’
/d/	[]	(Voiced) retroflex flap ; occurs in the intervocal position /kabadi/ [k^b^i] ‘kabadi’
	[d]	Voiced alveolar stop ; occurs elsewhere /dim/ [dim] ‘trunk (of tree)’ /barende/ [b^rende^.] ‘verandah- /po:stka:rd/ [po:stka:rd] ‘post card’
/k/	[k]	‘Voiceless velar stop /kore/ [kore^.] ‘cup’ /c^huka/ [c^huka] ‘ghat’ /c^hamik/ [c^h^mik] ‘great grand- son’
/k^h/	[k^h]	Voiceless aspirated velar stop /k^hap/ [k^h^p] ‘needle’ /c^honk^hur/ [c^honk^hur] ‘bargain’
/g/	[g]	Voiceless velar stop /go/ [go^.] ‘head’ /gacuga/ [g^cuga^.] ‘how’
/g/	[q]	Voiceleass uvular stop /qa:il/ [qa:il] ‘murderer’ /groqpo/ [groqpo^.] ‘brook’ /ceroq/[ceroq] ‘suspicion’
/c/	[c]	Voiceless alveolar affricate /cenu/ [cenu^.] ‘pajamas’ /cis/ [cis] ‘counting’
/c^h/	[c^h]^.	Voiceless aspirated alvaeolar affricate /c^hat/ [c^h^t] ‘heat’ /č^huchik/ [č^huc^hik] ‘drought’
/č/	[č	Voiceless palatal affricate /ča/ [ča^.] ‘tea’ /k^hamaču^./ [k^h^m^ču^.] ‘bill’ /pirič/ [pirič] ‘saucer’
/č^h/	[č^h]	Voiceless aspirated palatal affricate /č^hespa/ [č^hespa^.] ‘dear’ /braqč^ha/ [br^qč^ha^.] ‘echo’

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