|
seno?amtanaiN
|
‘I
am going for (the sake of) you’
|
|
kajikenkoaiN
|
‘I
spoke for (the satisfaction of) them’.
|
|
|
| The indiomatic use
as in the case of transitive is also possible with the intransitive
roots. However, it will be generally observed that intransitive verbs
using even indirect objects are less frequent. |
| 2.4.2.8.
Recaptulation of the chief formative elements. |
| 2.4.2.8.1.
Inventory: |
| The total stock of
the chief formative elements which function in the verbal constructions
may be enlisted in the following manner: |
| (i) Primary
affixes, denoting modifications in the meaning of root and thus forming
the stems, they are: |
|
Causative
|
: a-
|
transitive-
|
e-
|
|
Reciprocal
|
: -p-
|
Reduplicated
forms
|
|
|
Passive
|
: -o?
|
Compounding
|
: Root+Root
|
|
Refexive
|
: -n
|
|
Root+Non-root
|
|
|
| (ii) Secondary
affixes, denoting aspect/tense and mood. |
|
Indeterminate,
future
|
- Ų
|
|
|
Present
continuous
|
-ake
|
Simple/aka/
|
|
|
+ge
|
used for
perfect also
|
|
Present
indefinite
|
-ja
|
Used for
indef.past also
|
|
Present
definite
|
-tan
|
|
|
Anterior
future
|
-le
|
Used for
anterior past also
|
|
Aorist
|
-ko
|
Used for
incomplete past also
|
|
Imperfects
|
-taiken,
|
with all
the above
|
|
|
| (iii) Secondary
affixes, denoting mood: |
|
Opative
-
|
-k-
|
Indicative
|
- Ų
|
|
Intentional
-
|
-ta-
|
Inperative
|
-Subjective
affixes of second person
|
|
|
| (iv)
Tertairy affixes, differntiating the transitive and intransitive |
|
Transitive
|
-d
|
Additional
functions with /aka/and /le/ denotes perfect andanterior
past respectively.
|
|
Intransitive
|
-n
|
With /aka/
and /le/, as above. But with /ke/, incomplete pastfortransitive
only and with /ja/, indefinite past for both trans.
and intrans.
|
|
|
| (v) Quarternary
affixes, denoting subjects, direct and indirect objects: |
|
Animate
-
|
(Subj.
direct & indirect) - i ,
la,li,
bu, le, -m, ben, pe, e (sub.)ki, ko, i (obj.).
|
|
Inanimate
-
|
(Only as
direct object) -e
|
|
|
| (vi) Sixth
group: |
| a - the finite verb
marker. Also a prefix as a free form marker, and marker for the indirect
personal objects. |
| 2.4.2.8.2.
Relative positive positions of all the affixes, are given above in
the verb construction. Here, the symbols used are the following: |
|
V
|
-for the
verbal stem with any formative or a bare root.
|
|
T1
|
-for tense
and aspect marker.
|
|
T2
|
-for the
imperfect.
|
|
M
|
-for mood.
|
|
|
for animate
objects in forms of pronominal suffixes.
|
|
S
|
-for personal
pronominal suffixes as sujbect.
|
|
C
|
-for f.v.m.
(termed as constant).
|
|
|
(i) Constructional
sheme in the indeterminate and simple future tenses:
|
