b m
nam
|
‘to bring’
|
bm
lat nam
|
‘to bring back’
|
g
nam
|
‘to go’
|
g
ya nam
|
‘to come back’
|
|
dśg nam
|
‘to run’
|
dśg ya nam
|
‘to run back to,
to fall back to’
|
|
|
| d)
suffix /-ye/ is added to indicate movement away from the source; |
|
dśg nam
|
‘to run’
|
dśg ye nam
|
‘to run away’
|
g
nam
|
‘to go’
|
g
ye nam
|
‘to go away’
|
|
|
| e)
suffix /-len/ indicates forward movement away from the source,
but the distance is always proximate; |
g
nam
|
‘to go’
|
glen
nam
|
‘to go ahead’
|
|
dśg nam
|
‘to run’
|
dśg len nam
|
‘to run ahead’
|
|
|
| f)
suffix /-pąx/ indicates movement away from the source, but the
direction is uncertain (in many cases it gives the meaning similar
to English verbs such as take out etc;) |
s
nam
|
‘to pull’
|
s
pąk nam
|
‘to pull out’
|
k
dam
|
‘to sell’
|
k
pąk nam
|
‘to sell out’
|
bm
nam
|
‘to bring’
|
bm
pąk nam
|
‘take out, take
away’
|
g
nam
|
‘to go’
|
g
pąk nam
|
‘to go out’
|
yk
nam
|
‘to be near’
|
yk
pąk nam
|
‘to be out/to be
away’
|
|
|
| g)
To indicate that the action is performed with somebody else, the
suffix /-min/ is added to the root; |
|
dśg nam
|
‘to run’
|
dśg min nam
|
‘to run together
or to run with/after’
|
gnam
|
‘to go’
|
g
min nam
|
‘to go with’
|
m k
nam
|
‘to kill’
|
mk
min nam
|
‘to kill with/to
kill together’
|
|
|
| h)
To indicate the purpose of the action the suffix /-lik/ is added to
the root (it expresses a similar sense as in English verbs -plead
for, etc.); |
gnam
|
‘to go’
|
g
lik nam
|
‘to go for/to guide’
|
|
lu nam
|
‘to say’
|
lu lik bi nam
|
‘to say for/to insist’
|
|
lu bi nam
|
‘to explain’
|
lu lik bi nam
|
‘to explain for/to
plead for’
|
yg
nam
|
‘to catch’
|
yg
lik nam
|
‘to catch for’
|
|
|
| i)
To reduce the intensity of the action, the suffix /-s/
is added to the root; |
gnam
|
‘to go’
|
gs
nam
|
‘to go slow’
|
d
nam
|
‘to eat’
|
d
s
nam
|
‘to eat slowly/less’
|
|
|
| j)
When the action of the verb is to be negated, the suffix /-sek/
is added to the root (it gives a meaning similar to the English prefixes
/un-/ or /dis-/ in the verbs undo, disbelieve etc. |
|
lu nam
|
‘to say’
|
lu sek nam
|
‘not to answer to’
|
gnam
|
‘to go’
|
gsek
nam
|
‘to ignore’
|
|
|
| 4.10.
Auxiliary verb : |
| The auxiliary
form is /-duN/. It functions as
a copula. It has a suppletive form /-dak/. In sentences where it occurs
alone, it functions as a main verb. |
|
|
‘That is in the
house’
|
|
that house in is
|
|
|
|
| But, when
accompanied by a main verb, it acts as the tense and aspect marker,
It takes different suffixes to mark tense and aspects. |
| 4.11.
Tense : |
| Tense
is the grammatical category that indicates the point of time at which
the action takes place. In Missing, the tense markers indicate (a)
the point of time at which the action of the main verb takes place,
present, past and future tense and (b) the mode of the action of the
main verb. Personal concord is marked in non-past tense. |
