as the termination of the action,
i.e., the action ended at that particular time, the case inflexion is by
suffixing /-tyig/ to the Noun Phrase.
(30)
/h1
įnągõ2 lyįtyig3
chygso4/
Nom Loc [T-beg] Loc [T-end]
`I1 walked4
from dawn2 to dusk3’
2.1.5.4.
Ablative :
This case relates the source to the
verb in the sentence. Where the source is not the agent, the case has three
semantic functions.
2.1.5.4.1.
Donor :
The case is specified as the animate
or inanimate being from which the object is transferred. It occurs with
action verbs and is marked by the suffix /-nył/.
(31)
/cyį1
hnył2 plamįa3
syiliyą4/
Nom Abl [D] Acc
`he1 took4
five rupees3 from me2’
(31a)
/h1
gwįgnył2 tįpõkąsą3
brąygde4
Nom Abl [D]
`I1 bought4
three bells3 from the priest2’
2.1.5.4.2.
Source:
The case is specified as the point in space at which the
action specified by the verb begins. It occurs with motion verbs of
direction and is realized as the case inflexion /-gõ/ suffixed to the Noun
Phrase.
(32)
/h1
kalyįpgõ2 į3
bóliyą4/
Nom Abl [S] Dat
`I1 went4
home3 from the field2’
(33)
/h1 tejyabgõ2 hayulya3
bóne4/
Nom Abl [S] Dat
`I1 shall go4
to Hayuliang3 from Tezu2
2.1.5.4.3.
Time:
The case is specified as the point in
time at which the action identified by the verb begins. The case is realized
as the inflexion /-gõ/ suffixed to the Noun Phrase.
(34)
/h1
įnągõ2 lyįtyig3
chygso4/
Nom Loc [T-beg] Loc [T-end]
`I1
walked4 from dawn2
to dusk3’
2.1.5.5.
Instrumental :
The case relates the instrument to
the verb in the sentence. The morphological realization is based on its two
semantic functions,
2.1.5.5.1.
Instrument :
It is the inanimate being or force that is causally
involved in the precipitation of the action identified by the verb. It
occurs with action verbs and is realized as the inflexion /-gõ/ suffixed to
the Noun Phrase.
1
įnągõ2 lyį
tyig3
chy
gso4/
