|
25 |
ai1
larübvü2
ni-kolo3
 hi-no4
ni-yi5
masi pi6
le7
|
| |
I1
will7
send6
(the) book2
after4
I1
get3
(it) |
|
|
(iv)
|
 hi
‘after’ added to the participial form of the verb
also denotes that the action of the main clause
starts the moment of the action of the subordinate
clause terminates.
|
|
|
|
(v)
|
li/sa
added to the negative participial form of the
verb denotes that the action of the main clause
will last till the action of the subordinate clause. |
|
27 |
1. |
pfo-yi1
soha
-ko-mo sa2
ai3
covo4
le5
mo-e6 |
| |
|
I3
will 5
not6
be happy4
till/until I kill 2
him 1 |
|
6.4.2.1.2.
|
Nontemporal
Subordinators |
|
Among nontemporal
subordinators, three viz., the conditional, the
contingent and the pseudo conditional which also
happen to be mood markers have introduce been
dealt with under Mood. A brief description of
the rest follows : |
a.
|
the
quotative |
o
and i(ko)co
are the quotative particles in Mao Naga,
the fomrer being statistically more frequent with
no concurrences constraints. o
and i(ko)co
introduce indirect speech, and function as complementizers
elsewhere.
|
| 28
|
1. |
pfo1
vu-i-e2
{ o
}3
|
ai4
e5
sü-e6
|
| |
|
{
i(ko)co
} |
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
|
I1
also5
know6
that3
he1
has come2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
2. |
lopüi1
shünaf ümüi2
-ko-e0
{ i(ko)co
}3
|
a-no4
sü-we5 |
| |
|
{
o
} |
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
|
I1
know 5
that3
she1
(is) from Karbi village2
|
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
3.
|
puni-hi1
cüvepfo-na-sü2
-ko(e)0
o3
a5
he6
pe7
|
|
| |
|
he4
told7
me5, 6
that3
Puni 1
(was) the thief
2 |
|
|
When the subordinate clause is a piece of direct
speech, parataxis is the grammatical mode i.e.,
no linguistic formative expresses subordination
:
|
|
29. |
ni
vu le pfo-no pe |
| |
pfo-no
pe ai vu le |
| |
|
| |
he said
, I will come |
|
b.
|
the causual
|
The Causative subordinate
clauses are marked either by (a) vano
added to the verbal participle or (b) by the quotative
particle o
‘that’ occurring at the end of a finite clause.
|
|
a.30. |
1. |
ocü
ko-rü1
vano2
ai3
vu-lohro-o-e
4 |
| |
|
because2
it rained/of raining1
, I3
could not come 4 |
| |
|
|
| |
2. |
pfo1
imemüi-koco2
vano3
ata4
pfoyi5
kokhi pi-oi6-e
|
| |
|
we (excl.
prn. & excl. pl.)4
excused6
her5
because3
of her1
being a |
| |
|
Mao Naga
2 |
| |
|
|
| b.31
|
1. |
a1
na2
koli-khrü la3
bu4
-se3
o5
ai6
khi vu-e 7 |
| |
|
I1
came back7
because5 my1
child2
was 4
all by himself 3
|
| |
|
|
| |
2.
|
ocü
rü-i1
le2
to3
ai4
dzü-he5
pfo vu-e 6 |
| |
|
I1
brought6
(an) umbrella5
because3 (I
thought)3
it1
would2
rain1
|
| |
|
|
| |
3. |
adi1
-ko(e)0
o2
omüi-no3
cüdze4
pra-e5 |
| |
|
people3
came out5
on to the frontyard4
wondering3
what1
it would be |
| |
|
|
| |
4. |
ahie-no1
vu-e2
o3
a4
cümüi-no6
cüdze6
pra-e7 |
| |
|
my4
wife5
came out7
into the courtyard5
wondering 8
who1
came2
|
| |
|
|
| |
5. |
adi1
cihi2
-ko(-e)0
o3
ahia4
cihi5
hru-lo-i-e6
|
| |
|
Athia4
opened6
(the) letter 5
wondering 3
what1
letter 2
it was |
|
*o also introduce a purposive subordinate
clause. |
c.
|
the
disjunctive |
These connect clauses which present resultative
or alternative or opposite meanings. The disjunctive
subordinators are
|
| (i) süomatie
|
‘even then’ |
(ii) molili
|
‘otherwise’ |
and (iii)
ana |
‘but’ |
|
|
(i)
|
süomatie
expresses concession which translates into English
as ‘even then’.
|
