|
2. |
oca1
sho2 ta- |
 i-o3 |
| |
drink-prp
(= O ) |
|
| |
|
|
| |
go3
to drink2 tea1
|
|
| |
|
|
|
3. |
 aiho-no1
odzü da2 |
ta-i-e3 |
| |
water
beat-prp (= O
) |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Daiho1
went3 to beat-water
(=swim)2 |
|
|
The above are complex sentences. The conjunctive
sense could also be expressed by the connective
ye ‘and’ which would mean something like
‘additionally.’ The following are structured both
around stative and nonstative verbs.
|
|
|
197. |
1. |
pfo-hi1
osa dzü-e2 ye3
oha-te4 |
| |
|
he1
is short2 and3
is additionally very fat4
|
| |
|
|
|
|
2. |
losa-hi1
oso kra-e2 ye3
mamüi zhü-te4 |
| |
|
Losa1
is fair2 and3
is additionally comely4
|
| |
|
|
|
|
3. |
ai1
pfo2 he3
vu-e4 ye5
pfo-yi 6 da pi-e7 |
| |
|
I1
went4 to3
him2 and5
additionally beat7
him6 up7
|
| |
|
|
|
|
4. |
a1
na2 carü-we3
ye4 mozü-we5 |
| |
|
my1
child2 is thirsty3
and4 additionally
hungry5 |
| |
|
|
|
|
5. |
iniu-na-i1
i-e2
ye3 mohiu
moe4 |
| |
|
the village1
is small2 and3
additionally unclean 4 |
|
It need hardly be said that subjects
of statives in compound conjunctive sentences need not be
co referential because they are not clause-mates or are not bound in
the same minimal clause :
|
|
|
198. |
1. |
pfo-hi1
osa dzü-e2 ye3
pfo4 dzürieu5
oha-te6 |
| |
|
she1
is short2 and3
her4 (elder)
brother5 is very
fat6 |
| |
|
|
|
|
2. |
losa-hi1
oso kra-e2 ye3
pfo4 kasapüi5
mamüi zhü-e6 |
| |
|
Losa1
is fair 2 and3
her4 friend5
is comely6 |
| |
|
|
|
|
3. |
ai1
carü-ie2
ye3 a4
pfo5 mozü-we6 |
| |
|
I1
am thirsty2 and3
my 4 father
5 is hungry6
|
| |
|
|
|
|
4. |
iniu-na-i1
i-e2
ye3 imeli4
mohiu5
mo-e6
|
| |
|
the village1
is small2 and3
Mao4 is5
not6 clean5
|
|
3.4.11
|
The Deverabl Noun |
| The
deverbal noun is of three kinds in Mao : a. the
ground b. the abstract noun and c. the participial
noun. The first two fall in one derivational-
|
|
morphological out see copy class in
that the last one becomes a noun at the second stage of derivation
i.e., it is at two removes from the verb root whereas the first two
become nouns after the first stage of derivation i.e., they are at one
remove from the verb root. The third kind of deverbal noun has already
been dealt with. An expository discussion ofd the other two kinds
occupies this section.
|
|
3.4.11.1.
|
The Gerund |
|
The Mao Naga
gerund is derived from the verb root by
the affixation of the phonologically conditioned
ka#/ko-
and -(ko)co, a- and -kolo16
, -o being suffixed further for past tense
and -ru for future tense. |
An overarching attribute of gerunds is the
syntactic one of their occurence either
as the sentential subject or as the direct
object, which suggests the basically nominal
nature of gerunds. Within such an overarching
frame work, gerunds could be further nominal
or verbal.
|
|
3.4.11.1.1.
|
The Nominal Gerund |
The nominal
gerund has the internal structure of an
NP. It can take the number-gender marker,
-na, the ordinal, the cardinal, the number
markers ta and -khru,
all of which are criterial properties of
the Noun in Mao. Note also in the following
examples that the nominal gerund can occur
only in the direct object position.
|
|
|
199. |
1. |
ai-no1
so-ka-ha-na-i2
sü-we3 |
|
| |
|
I1
know (about)3
the killing2
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
ai-no1
soka-ha2
{ kosü mocu-na-i
}3 |
sü-we4 |
| |
|
{
kosü ta-hi } |
|
| |
|
{
kosü-khru-hi } |
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
|
I1
know (about) 4
the { third }3
|
killing(s)2 |
| |
|
{
three (excl. pl.) } |
|
| |
|
{
three (incl.pl.) } |
|
|
| |
|
16. |
It is
not clear to me what kali signifies
in examples like |
| |
|
| |
kazhie1
kozhü2
kali? -co2
tacü3 amolo-e4
|
| |
to pilot
2 planes1
may be4
difficult 3 |
| |
|
| |
ai-no1
ni2 lopüi3
hipüi4
ta-o5 kali?
-hi6 sü-lo-e7 |
| |
I1
came to know about7
your2 wanderings5
here4 and
there3
|
|
