|
5. |
ayi1
pio2 pfo3
phro |
{  i
}4 le5
|
| |
|
{ *o } |
| |
give2
me1, he3
will5 read4
(it) |
|
|
Where, however, both -o and - i
are possible, -i
expresses greater concern on the part of the speaker
than -o.
|
|
141. |
1. |
ova
so1 {o} |
le2 sü
duno3
mono-lo4
|
|
|
{*i
} |
|
|
|
?1,
2 so3
be careful 4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
sübu1
di2 {
-(o)-i
} 2
|
le3
sü duno4
tei5
omüi6 di-sho
7 |
|
|
{
o } |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the
trees1 will3
get burnt2
so4 do not
|
kindle7
fire6 there5
|
|
In imperative sentences, -i
expresses not the undesirability of the action identified by the verb, but
rather the unfavorable disposition or dissatisfied helplessness etc. on the
part of the speaker about persons/actions.
|
|
142 |
1. |
pfo1
he2 ta-i-o3 |
| |
|
go3
to2 him1
( I can not help you or something) |
| |
|
|
|
|
2. |
klaas1
-lino2 ta-i-o3 |
| |
|
get3
out of 2 the
class1 (I do
not like your behaviour or something) |
| |
|
|
|
|
3. |
cü1
he2 vu-i-o3 |
| |
|
come/go3
home1, 2 |
| |
|
|
|
|
4. |
ni1
nohiu-lo2
-i-o3 |
| |
|
you (sg.)1
get married2
(and lighten my burden or get lost or something) |
| |
|
|
| |
|
lu/li also
expresses the speaker’s unfavorable disposition
towards the |
| |
|
action but bereft
of apprehensive concern. |
| |
|
|
143. |
1a. |
pfo1
ah
ni2 lu/li3
-ie3
|
| |
|
he1
is 2 too3
slow2 |
| |
|
|
| as
opposed to |
| |
|
|
|
|
b. |
pfo1
ah
ni2 shue
3 |
| |
|
he1
is2 very3
slow2 |
| |
|
|
|
|
2. |
larübvü-nai1
zhüe2 ana3
osa-no so4
lu/li5 -ie4
|
| |
|
the book1
is good2 but3
is4 too5
long4
|
|
3.4.6.24.
|
The Mood of Surprising and Unexpected Action |
The
Mood of Surprising and Unexpected Action, realised
only with a class of transitive, is expressed by -i.
This has no negative. As the last example illustrates,
the unexpectedness may spring from the fact that the
action was not supposed to take place.
|
|
144 |
1. |
ai1
izho2
{pkhe kali}3
|
kade-ie4 |
|
|
{kaikho-yi} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I1
met4
{a tiger }3
|
today2
unexpectedly, surprisingly4 |
|
|
{kaikho} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
pfo-no1
ayi2 da-ie3
|
|
| |
|
he1
beat3 me2
unexpectdely, surprisingly3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. |
pfo-no1
kasha2
padi3 cope-ie4
|
|
|
|
he1
borrowed4
four3 rupees2 |
|
|
|
unexpectedly,
surprisingly4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
kaikho-no1
larübvü2
kali3 rü-ie4
|
|
|
|
Kaikho1
wrote4
a3 book2 |
|
|
|
unexpectedly,
surprisngly4
|
|
|
These have no negative counterparts :
|
|
*1a. |
ai1
izho2
{okhe kali}3 |
kade4
mo-ie5
|
| |
{kaikho} |
|
| |
|
|
| |
I1
did not5
meet4
{a tiger}3
|
today2
which was surprising unexpected 5 |
| |
{kaikho} |
|
| |
|
|
|
*2a. |
pfo-no1
ayi2 da3
mo4 -ie5
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
he1
di not4
beat3 me2
, which was |
surprising,
unexpected5
|
| |
|
|
|
*3a. |
pfo-no1
kasha2
padi3 cope4
mo5 -ie4
|
|
| |
he1
did not5 borrow4
four3 rupees2
, which |
|
| |
was unexpected,
surprising 4 |
|
| |
|
|
|
*4a. |
kaikho-no1
larübvü2
kali3 rü4
mo5 -ie4
|
|
| |
Kaikho1
did not5
write4
a3 book2
, which was |
|
| |
surprising,
unexpected 4 |
|
|
This mood does not occur in the future tense
either :
|
