3.4.3.	The Causative
The Mao causative is found categorised into three distinct classes depending on the linguistic mode of  realisation (all of which are closely reminiscent of Angami): morphological causatives, syntactic causatives and lexical causatives.
3.4.3.1	The  Morphological  Causative
Rather extensive in the language, this has four subclasses: (a) the intransitive marker a- is dropped and either the generic manner-marking verb so ‘to do’ or different specific manner-marking verbs are preposed to the verb with (i) the concomitant aspiration of the initial consonant of the verb and (ii) without. (b) ma- / mo-, phonologically conditioned alternant replacing the intransitive marker a- (i) with the obligatory addition either of the generic manner-marking verb so ‘to do’ or specific manner/means markers as in (a) and (ii) without. (c) ko- replacing the intransitive marker a- (i) with either the generic manner-marking verb so ‘to do’ or the manner/means marker being obligatorily preposed or (ii) without. (d) ma- / mo- is prefixed to the verb which may be either transitive or intransitive, and so ‘to do’ preposed to the verb obligatorily or optionally but redundantly and not to mark generosity as, for instance, under subclass a.
1. a(i)               26.  apo ‘break (as wall, firewood etc.) (intr.)             so-pho ‘break (generic as to manner) (tr.)’             bi-pho ‘break by sandwhiching between two entities’             te-pho ‘break by pulling at the object with hands’             püi-pho ‘break by pulling at the object with an instrument       (eg. rope, hook etc.)’             cüi-pho ‘break by pressing with fingers by squeezing (as fruits)’             da-pho ‘break by beating/hammering with a pole etc.’             li-pho ‘break by pressing with hands’             li-pho ‘break by whittling’             va-pho ‘break by means of saw-like action’             di-pho ‘break by touching’             he-pho ‘break up, scatter by blowing’             de-pho ‘break by striking with a sharp instrument’             se-pho ‘break by pounding’             kozhü-pho  ‘break by chafing’             vüi-pho ‘break up or scatter by letting vigorous air current       go over, as while/by sweeping’             kokha-pho  ‘break by crushing with a solid entity’             ¶i-pho  ‘break by striking with the body part of leg’           27. ako   ‘break (as glass, stone, firewood etc.)’             so-kho  ‘break (generic as manner)’             bi-kho1 1. ‘break in terms of scissors-like action’               2. break, by (the) sandwiching (impact of) between       two entities’             da-kho  ‘break by hammering with a pole etc.’             li-kho ‘break by whittling’             cüli-kho ‘break with fingers, by squeezing’             te-kho ‘break by pulling at the object with hands’             püi-kho  ‘break by pulling at the object with an instrument (eg.       rope, hook, etc.)’             di-kho  ‘break by touching’             de-kho  ‘break by striking with an edged instrument’             he-kho  ‘break by blowing’             ve-kho ‘break with a hook or hook-like action’             se-kho ‘break by pounding’             kozhü-kho  ‘break by chafing’             ¶i-kho  ‘break by striking with the body part of leg’             vüi-kho  ‘break as while sweeping’             kokha-kho  ‘break by crushing with a solid object’             va-kho  ‘break by crushing with a solid object’           28. apru   ‘1. to have a crack (as glass, gourd-vessels etc.)(intr.)’         2.     ‘ break (as firewood etc.) (intr.)’             so-phru  ‘1. break (as firewood etc.)’               ‘2. to cause a crack (generic as to manner) (tr.)’             *bi-phru ‘to break, cause a crack by scissors-like action’             da-phru  ‘to break, to cause a crack by hammering with a pole etc.’
1.	büi-kho is the form in shongshong village