Download Mao Naga Book
 

6.

  ·aiho-no1 cü-kolo-hi2 hayi3 moe4 ana5 odzü6 -koe
  what2 Daiho1 drank2 was not4 ricebeer3 but5 water6

As has already been seen, number-gender markers are specific, but pseudo relatives have no specific reference. Pseudo relatives, therefore, can not occur with number-gender markers. Contrast 603 with 604.1 and 604.2 which are genuine relative participial nouns and which are closed by number-gender markers -na and -püi respectively :
 

604

1.  pen1 lonahi2 ai-no3 moho-ko-o-na4 -ko-e  
    the pen that I lost was that2 pen1  
       

 

 2.  kaini-hi ai-no adzü ka-pa-püi -ko-e  
    the girl that I like (is) Kaini  
 
Formal Adjectives constituting NP’s
 
 
       

605

    hihi ka-pa -ko-e  ‘this (is) a brown one

In the above example, -ko is a marker of equational sentences and pa of ka-pa means ‘be brown’
 

Adnominal Participles
 
The adnominal participle, also called ‘adjectival relative’, ‘relative adjective’, ‘participal adjective’, is defined as a tensed adnominal deverbal. Three of the other deverbals viz. derived adverbs, adjectives and abstract nouns are not tensed while the third class of deverbals viz. the gerund is tensed but is not adnominal. The adnominal participle can not be marked for gender and number while the nominal(ised) participle is necessarily marked either for number or for number-gender or agentive nominality. The adnominal participle modifies a lexical head noun while the nominal(ized) participle has a nonlexical, pronominal head realized morphologically by either the agentive suffix or the number-gender suffixes or the number suffixes.
 

606.

1.  hihi1 a-no2

{ ka-pe } 3

 
     

{ pe-ko-o }

  iniu-na-se4
     

{ pe-ko-ru }

  
     

{ pe-o-ko-bu }

  
 
this1 is the village4 that3 I2 { mention/talk about }
was { mentioned/talked about }
  { will mention/will talk about }
  { am/was mentioning/am/was talk- }
  { ing about }
 

2.

  a-no1 adzü ka-pa2 larü-sü3 hihi4 -ko-e
  this4 (is) the book3 that2 I1 like2
   

3.

  lokho-no1 vu-ko-o2 bas-na-sü3 hihi4 -ko-e
  this4 (is) the bus3 that2 Lokho1 came by2
   

4.

  ai1 idu2 ko-vu/vu-ko-o3 iniu-na-sü4 pfosemüicü5 -ko-e
  Pudunamai5 (was) the village4 I1 went to3 yesterday2
   

5.

  a-no1 hrü-ko-o2 larübvü3 adicü4 bu-e5
  where4 is5 (the) book3 that2 I1 bought2 ?
   

6.

  lohe1 ta-ko-o2 nieopüi-yi3 ai4 sü-we5
  I4 know5 the girl3 who went2 there1
   

7.

  ai-no1 ni2 larübvü3 ve-kolo4 omüi-na-i5 ni-e6
  I1 saw 6 the man5 who stole4 your2 books3
   

8.

  idu1 vu-ko-o-khru-sü2 a3 mamüi 4 -ko-e
  the ones who came3 yesterday1 (are) my3 children 4
   

9.

  pfotamüi-no1 iniu-li-müi-yi 2 so mazhi-o ko-bu 3 okhe-na-hi 4 soha-oi-e5
   
  they (excl. pl.)1 killed5 the tiger4 which was troubling3 (the) villagers2
   

10.

  pfo-hi1 ona2 kosü3 kobu4 omüi-na-yi-hi4 ni-e6
  he1 saw6 the man5 who has/had4 three3 children 2
   

11.

  idu1 hi-ko-o2 ona-hi3 a4 na5 mo-e6
  the one who died2 yesterday1 was not6 my4 son5
   

12.

  pfo1 kasao-no2 pfo3 kovu4 hodzü-na-hi5 pfo-no6 to-e7
  he6 ate7 the egg5 that his1 friend2 brought 3 4
   

13.

  ashikho-no1 (omüi)2 di-ko-o-na-yi-hi3 koli-we4
  Ashikho1 is attending to/examining 4 the (man)2 /one who got burns 3
   

14.

  lohe1 bu-ko-o2 nieo3 osa ko-dzü-pü-hi4 a5 cümüi-ko-e6
  the short4 woman3 who was sitting2 there1 (was) my5 wife 6

Syntactically, the nominal(ized) and adnominal participles are identical in structure. Both are generated by the rule :

NP ą S NP
 

Diagramatically, the sentences

 
 
Mao Naga Index Page
 
FeedBack | Contact Us | Home
ciil grammar footer