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relative participle
 

574

  hihi1 a-no2 pe-o ko-bu3  iniu-na-sü4 -koe

this1 (is/was) the village4 that3 I2 am/was mentioning/talking about3
 
adjective

575

nieo mamüi ka-zhü ‘beautiful female’ (aspectless)

In fact, the relative or adnominal participle in Mao is defined as a tensed (adnominal) deverbal. Further proof that a relative participle is a sentence at some level of linguistic structure ulike the adjective, is that not only is the relative particple related to its head noun in terms of various cases but it could be related to another nominal constituent in the sentence in terms of various cases. See 3.3.9.8. for the former. The following illustrate the various case relations that the relative participle enters into with another nominal constituent in the sentence.
 
    subject
     

576

1.  tasoni-no1 modo pi-ko-o-khru-i2
    the ones2 that2 Tasoni1 taught2
     

 

 2.  pfo-no1 osü2 ka-di3 marü4
    (the) axe4 with3 which3 he1 cut3 wood2
     
     
    direct object
     

577

1.  avi1 modo pi-ko-ru2 kolamüi3
    (the) plainsman3 who is going to teach2 me1
     

 

 2.  ata-yi1 da-ko-o2 shipramüi3
    (the) soldiers3 who beat2 us1
     
    instrument
     

578

    piko-no1 oso2 va-ko-o-na-i 3
    (the) meat2 which was cut with3 knife1
     
    locative
     

579

  sübvü1-li2 kobu3 saba4
    the shawl4 which is3 in2 the box1
     
    sociative
     

580

    ahikho1 ayi2 akuo3 ko-vu-na-koe4
     
    Athikho1 (is) the one4 who came4 with3 me2
     
    comitative
     

581.

    nili-yi1 sao2 ta-ko-o3 nieo4
     
    the female4 who went3 with2 Nili1 /whom Nili took
     
    benefactive
     

582

    ita1 duno2 pe pi-ko-ru-na-sü3 hinahi4 -ko-o
     
    he4 (is) the one who will speak3 for2 us1 (incl. prn. & excl. pl.)
     
    ablative
     

583

    ata1 pfo2 heno3 ni-ko-o4 kashü5
     
    (the) money5 that (we) got4 from3 our1 father 2

(b) Deverbal adjectives are derived are postnominal as the examples show i.e., they follow the head noun whereas participial adjectives typically precede the head noun. (d) deverbal adjectives are derived nearly solely by prefixation whereas participial adjectives are derived typically, though not exclusively, by suffixation. The arguments for treating these adjectives as adnominal participles are : (a) these adjectives can be nominalized, in a productive morphological process, by adding the agentive suffix -müi or the gender number markers viz -o, -na and -püi or by the number markers, -hi), -khru and -ta.
 

584 1.

  osa dzü ‘be short’
     
  nieo osa ko-dzü ‘short female’
     
  osa ko-dzü-müi ‘short person’
     
  osa ko-dzü-o ‘short male’
     
  osa ko-dzü-na ‘short male’
     
  osa ko-dzü-püi ‘short female’
     
     
 

{ hi }

  
 

osa ko-dzü-hi) {i }

‘two short persons/animates/things’
 

{ sü }

  
     
 

{ hi }

  
 

osa ko-dzü-khru- {i }

‘short persons/animates/things’ (incl. pl.)
 

{ sü }

  
 

osa ko-dzü-ta

 

  ‘short persons/animates/things’ (excl. pl.)

 
 
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