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(iii)

ohie ‘instead of ; in place of’
     

1.

  pfo1 hie2 ai3 ta4 le5  
  I1 will5 go4 in2 his1 place2 / instead of him  
     

2.

  bas1 hie2 pfo3 saikl 4 -no5 ta-ie6  
  instead of 2 bus1 , he3 went6 by5 bicycle4  
     

3.

  izho1 ata2 ovo so3 hie4 osi so5 toe6  
  today1 we (excl. prn. & excl. pl.)2 ate6  
  dog-meat5 instead of 4 pork 3  
     

4.

  ai1 oso2 hie3 okho4 to5 nie6  
  I1 want to6 eat5 fish4 instead of 3 meat2  
     

5.

  ita1 hie2 pepikoru-sü3 hinahi4 -hoe  
  the one who will speak3 in our1 place2 /  
  on our1 behalf 2 (is) this person4  
 

(iv)

 dzü  ‘rather than’
  oso1 dzü2 okho3 to4 le5  
     
  I1 will5 eat4 fish3 rather than2 meat1  
 

(v)

 nopu  ‘including’
     
    nagaland1 nopu2 in·i’a3 -li4 seet5 makaio pongoo6 bue7
     
    there are7 twenty five6 states5 in4 India3 including2 Nagaland 1
     
    lopüi1 nopu2 a3 acümüi4 kaxi5 bue6
    including2 her1 I3 have6 two5 wives4
     
    a1 nopu2 opfü3 ona pfoo4 kosü5 bue6
     
    including2 me1 (my) father3 has6 three5 sons4
     
    hihi1 nopu2 pongo3 bue4
     
    there are4 five3 including2 this1

b.


 		  
Postpositions which require case markers. Typically these are locational in meaning. They derive from autonomous nominal forms by contraction except those that are given under xi below.
 

(i)

opi ‘above’s
     

1.

  pfo1 a2 pi-li3 bue3
   

he1 is3 overhead2

     

2.

    kazhiebvü1 ikhrumüi2 pi-lino3 zhie-we4
    planes1 fly4 above3 us 2
     

3.

    raho1 kali2 a1 pi4 he5 -no6 zhie7
    a2 bird1 flew7 from6 (about)5 above4 me3
     

4.

    fęn1 opi-li2 bue3
    (the) fan1 is3 overhead2
     

5.

    oramüi-no1 opi2 -li-no3 ni-le-yi4 mozhu-we5
    god1 watches5 us4 from3 above2
     
     

(ii)

okhru  ‘below; under’
     

1.

    kahe-hi1 kazhie2 -khru-li3 ko-we4
    clouds1 go4 below3 (the) plane2
     

2.

    ozü1 -khru2 -lino3
    from3 under2 (the) cot1
     

3.

  ozü1 -khru-li2 lo-io3
    go3 below2 (the) cot1
     
     

(iii)

opu/lopu  ‘beside ; by’
     

1.

    a1 (lo)pu he2 ko3 buo4
    come and3 sit4 by2 me1
     

2.

  a1 cü2 (lo)pu he3 korü4 kali5 bue6
    there is6 a5 river4 by the side of 3 my1 house2
     

3.

    onao-hi1 pfo2 pfo3 -pu he4 ko5 bue6
    the child1 went and5 sat6 by4 his2 father3
     
     
(iv) ohi ‘behind’
     

1.

    dzü-he1 i2 cükhu3 hi-li4 bue5
    the2 umbrella(s)1 is/are5 behind4 (the) door 3
     

2.

    ai1 ni2 hi3 mozü4 le4
    I1 will5 follow4 (behind)3 you2 (sg.)
     

3.

    ozhie1 almira2 hi3 he-no4 ko-ie5
     

(a)

    rat1 came5 from4 behind3 (the) almirah2
     
     

(v)

  opra ‘in front’
     
    a1 cü2 pra-li3 ojü pfoki4 kali5 bue6
    there is6 a5 mountain4 in front of 3 my1 house2

 
 
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