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initial position with a rising tone and shorter in duration
in the final position with a falling tone on them. Vowels
/i/ and /u/ have lower high variety of positional variants
occurring always in the first syllable of a word with a falling
tone on it. /i/ also has a positional variant of an on glide
variety [yi]
occurring always in the initial position of a word. vowel
sounds like [I], [i], [],
[U], do not occur in the initial position of a word. [yi],
[e], [a], [u] and [o] occur in the initial position. [e],
[a], [u] and [o] occur in all the three positions of a word.
[I] and [U] occur only in the first syllable of a word with
a falling tone on them. [w] and [y] are treated as frictionless
continuants (semi vowels) as they have an intermediate status
between vowels and consonants. When they are produced, the
tongue height is little higher than the height for the corresponding
vowel and little lower than the height for the corresponding
fricative.
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Allophones
of Vowels
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/i/
it is a high front unrounded vowel. It has positional variants [yi]
which can be described as on glide high front unrounded vowel occurs
in the first syllable of a word beginning with a low tone, [i] occurs
else where.
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Examples for [yi]
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1. |
[yíts] |
/íts/
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number |
2. |
[yísòy]
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/ítsóy/ |
judgement |
3. |
[yíthèn] |
/íthèn/
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message |
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Examples for [I] : |
1. |
[kÌkhò] |
/kìkhò/
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crown |
2. |
[hÌhò] |
/hìhò/
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lion |
3. |
[lÌsò] |
/lìsò/
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hare |
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Examples
for /i/ : |
1. |
[lírù] |
/lírù/ |
poor soil |
2. |
[trìv] |
/trìv/
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small |
3. |
[lì] |
/lí/
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field |
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/e/ It is a higher mid front unrounded vowel. It does not have any
other positional variant other than [e] itself. It occurs initially,
medially and finally in a word.
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Examples for [«]
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1. |
[ms] |
/ms/
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cow |
2. |
[frò] |
/frò/
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dog |
3. |
[nr] |
/nr/
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earthquake |
4. |
[mhkf] |
/mhkf/
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eye lash |
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/a/ It is a low central unrounded vowel. It does not have any other
positional variant other than [a] itself. It occurs initially and
finally in a word.
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Examples
for [a]:
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Initially |
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1. |
[ámì] |
/ámì/ |
brother’s wife |
2. |
[nò] |
/nò/
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father’s sister |
3. |
[] |
//
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I |
4. |
[áyúwè] |
/áyúwè/ |
left handed |
5. |
[án] |
/án/
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wife’s brother |
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Medially
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1. |
[lákà] |
/lákà/
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cause |
2. |
[lárvà] |
/lárvà/ |
cheap |
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