active
sentence, subject is always in the nominative case with
the nominative marker n¡.
In the passive sentence, object of the active sentence comes
in the subject place without the nominative marker and the
subject of the active sentence comes in the object place
with a passive marker-nà. In other words, in a passive sentence
object, remains object and subject remains the subject even
though order of the subject and object is reversed in the
passive sentence. This is the way how passive is formed
in Lotha.
Examples
1. Active : -n
tspyóthì
mótsà
ts-chò
I-nom mango
a
eat-past I ate a mango
Passive
:
tspyóthì
mótsà
-nà
ts-chò
Mango
a
me-by eat-past
A mango was eaten by me
2.
Active : -n
kàkò mhm
mótsà
kh-chò
I-nom book
good
a
read-past I read a good book
Passive
:
kákò mhm
mótsà
-nà
kh-chò
book
good a
me-by read-past
A good book was ready by me
3.
Active : mp-n
mhór
mótsà
h-chò
he-nom tiger
a
see-past He saw a tiger
Passive
:
mhór
mótsà
mp-nà
h-chò
tiger
a
him-by see-past
A tiger was seen by him.
4.
Active -n
mprá
p-chò
I-nom him
money give-past
I gave him money
Passive
: mprá-nà
p-chò
He
money me-by give-past
He was given money by me
5.
Active :
mp-nrá
p-chò
He-nom
money me give-past
He gave me money
Passive
: rá
mp-n
p-chò
I money him-by give-past
I was given money by him
6.
Active : -n
khmò
kà
yámpí-cfò
I-nom my friend sister
marry-past I married my friend’s
sister
Passive
: ¡kh
«Ümò
°kà
¡nà
yámpí-chò
my
friend’s sister me-by marry-past
My friend’s sister was married by me
(or to me.)
-n
pyóthì
móts
à
ts
-chò 
móts
