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6.9
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Voice |
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Voice is the form of a verb which indicates whether the subject acts
upon, or is acted upon, or acts so as to affect itself.
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6.9.1
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Active |
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Active voice occurs where the grammatical subject of a verb carries out
some activity or process.
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na:nu eva¸a?â
prette?è
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‘I defeated him’
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na:mbu valka o:stomi
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‘we (excl.) broke stones’ |
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evasi verka sekkinesi
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‘He will chop firewood’ |
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ra:mu hajja macce
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‘Ramu had gone’ |
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6.9.2.
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Passive |
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Passive voice occurs when the subject of a sentence in the active voice
is put in the instrumental case and the object of the active sentence is
made the subject. There is no change in the verb.
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The passive voice is not used in the language and though sentences in
the passive voice are acceptable by the native speaker, their use is
considered stilted.
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evasi nańgotole
prettesi
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‘He was defeated by me’
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valka mańgotole
o:yitu
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‘The stones were broken by us’
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verka evasitole sekkinu
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‘The wood will be chopped by him’
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6.10.
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Other grammatical categories |
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6.10.1.
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Transference |
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6.10.1.1
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When the transference suffix is added to the verb root, the verb expresses
the transition or carrying
over of the action indicated by the verb from the subject to the object
-direct or indirect-which is in the first or second person singular or
plural.
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6.10.1.2
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The action indicated by the verb may express something done to the first
or second person object, or it may be something done for or somthing given to the object. |
6.10.1.3.
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It is important to note reflexives
because the subject and object of the verb are noţ
coreferential.
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6.10.1.4.
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The transference suffix is -a. It
has the allomorphs a ~ ya ~
ta ~ ja ; the occurrences of which are phonologically conditioned and is
added immediately after the verb root and before the tense suffix.
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evasi edaņi? ĩ
vehnesi
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‘He will tell her’
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evasi nańgo
vestanesi
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‘He will tell me’
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evasi nińgo
vestanesi
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‘He will tell you’
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evasi eda¸gi?
ĩ
vestesi
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‘He told Her’
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evasi nańgo
vestatesi
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‘He told me’
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evasi nińgo
vestatesi
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‘He told you’
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na:nu eda gi?
ĩ
veste? é
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‘I told her’
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na:nu nińgo
vestate?
é
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‘I told you’
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ni:nu nańgo
vestamu
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‘You tell me’
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evaņaki
henne
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‘It will be delicious to him’
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nińgo
hetane
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‘It will be delicious to you’
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nańgo
hetane
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‘It will be delicious to me’
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6.10.1.5.
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The transference suffix is also used when the object refers to body parts
related to the first or second person pronoun. |
