|
neh?u:ŗi ha:hi manne
|
|
‘The dog is going to die’
|
|
|
na:nu e: saykeli lembima:?
ĩ
|
|
‘I am going to use this cycle’
|
|
|
Since there is no formal difference between the future and present the
future durative and the present durative are formally identical.
|
|
6.8.1.2.
|
Past Durative |
| The past durative is used |
6.8.1.2.1
|
Interchangeably with the simple
past. |
|
|
|
na:nu hajji macce?
è
|
|
‘I went/was going’
|
|
|
6.8.1.2.2
|
For actions which occurred in the past and continued for
some time but whose exact limits are not known and are not important. |
|
ja: ata
poţa:hâ
ŗi:hi
maccu
|
|
‘The birds of the jungle were chirping’
|
|
|
|
evasimah?a:paņu
tinji maccesi
|
|
‘He was eating mangoes’
|
|
|
6.8.1.2.3
|
For actions which began at some time before the speech act
and probably continued after it. |
|
neh?u:ŗi
ha:hi macce
|
|
‘The dog was dying’
|
|
|
na:nu e: saykeli lembi macce?
é
|
|
‘I was using this cycle’
|
|
|
6.1.2
|
Perfective |
|
The perfective suffix is -a ~ -ha.
|
| 6.1.2.1 |
The present perfective is used |
|
6.8.2.1.1.
|
To express a recently completed action
|
|
ja:ata
poţahâ
ŗi:ha
mannu
|
|
‘The birds of the jungle have chirped’
|
|
|
mah?a:pa¸u
sri:ha mannu
|
|
‘The mangoes have become rotten’
|
|
|
6.8.2.1.2.
|
The present perfective is used for an action begun in the past and which
is still continuing in the present. |
|
na:nu e: saykeli lembama :?ĩ
|
|
‘I have been using this cycle (aam still using it)
|
|
|
evasi
akadarta:ņahajja mannesi
|
|
‘He has been going to the doctor (is still going)’
|
|
|
6.8.2.2
|
The past perfective is used. |
| 6.8.2.2.1. |
To express an action or event anterior to a past action or
event. |
|
mah?a:paņu
sri:hamaccu
|
|
‘The mangoes had become rtoten’
|
|
|
ja:ata
poţţahâŗi:ha
maccu
|
|
‘The birds of the jungle had been chirping’
|
|
|
6.8.2.2.2.
|
To express actions or events which began in the past and continued upto the time of the speech act or stopped just before it. |
|
na:nu e: saykeli lemba macce?
è
|
|
‘I had used this cycle’
|
|
