|
III
|
am
|
u -th
|
‘Let
it happen.’
|
|
|
b
|
 a-th |
‘Let
him eat.’
|
|
|
| 3.2.2.4.
The Imperative : |
| The imperative
form of the verb is obtained by adding the imperative suffix -di
to the verb. This form is used when the listener is commanded to perform
certain action. Its subject is always in the second person and may
not be overtly expressed. |
| Examples
: |
a-di
|
‘Eat’
|
|
sa-lay-di
|
‘Talk
together.’
|
nay- m-ru-di
|
‘Make
(someone) look secretively.’
|
|
|
| The polite
forms of the hortative and the imperative are formed by adding the
suffix -dk. |
| Exampless
: |
|
|
‘Let
someone eat, please.’
|
a-di-dk
|
‘Please
eat.’
|
|
|
| 3.2.2.5.
The modal construction : |
| The complex
finite constructions are obtained by adding certain affixes to the
simple finite verb. All the modal constructions are formed in this
manner. The modal of determination is formed by prefixing ma-
to the indicative form of the finite verb of the present, past and
future indicative, while the modal of necessity obtained by
prefixing ma- to the dubitative future. |
| Examples
: |
ma-a-w-
|
‘should
eat’
|
ma-a-kha
|
‘should
have eaten’
|
ma-a-w-anu
|
‘should
be eating’
|
ma-a-nay
|
‘will
have to eat or must eat’
|
|
|
| The modal
of possibility is formed by adding man- with tense marker
to the verb base. |
| Examples
: |
a-man
|
‘can
eat’
|
a-mankha
|
‘could
eat’
|
a-mananu
|
‘will
be able to eat’
|
|
|
| The other
modals of certainty, probability, etc. are formed by suffixing
their respective morphemes to the finite verbs. The morphemes of probability,
perfect certainty and of the immediately finished action are added
to the past indicative. |
| The morphemes
for the modals of past and futur certainty are added directly to the
verb base. |
| Examples: |
|
1)
|
probability
:
|
-na
|
|
|
|
b
|
akha-na
|
‘He
might have eaten.’
|
|
2)
|
certainty
:
|
-sak
|
|
|
|
b
|
a-kha-sak
|
‘He
surely has eaten.’
|
|
3)
|
immediatly
finished action :
|
-drp
|
|
|
|
b
|
a-kha-drp
|
‘He
just finished eating.’
|
|
|
