Causative :
|
|
hũ
|
tInna
|
Us
|
ko ũ
|
m k
|
|
‘I
|
shall
|
cause
|
him
|
to
|
give
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
|
1 |
6 |
6 |
3-4 |
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
dwaũgo
|
|
|
|
|
|
you
|
maize’
|
|
|
|
|
| 6 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. Passive Sentences :
|
|
So far we have given the sentences in the active voice. The sentences
with passive voice also occurs in the language. (cf.pp.192-194). Examples
are :
|
Active:
|
|
m
|
 u o
|
khado
|
|
‘I
|
ate
|
the
|
bread’
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
|
1 |
2 |
|
3 |
|
|
Passive:
|
|
mera
|
dũ
|
uo
|
khado
|
geyo |
|
‘The
|
bread
|
was eaten
|
by
|
me’
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
|
3 |
4-5 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
Active:
|
| wo |
ktab |
pє |
|
|
‘He
|
reads
|
the
|
book’
|
| 1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
1 |
3-4 |
|
2 |
|
|
Passive:
|
|
Us
|
kou/dũ
|
ktab
|
pi
|
jy€
|
|
‘The
|
book
|
is
|
read
|
by
|
him’
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
|
|
3 |
|
4-5 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
Active:
|
|
srkar
|
gribã
|
an
|
p sa
|
|
‘The
|
government
|
will
give
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
1 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
d€gi
|
|
|
|
|
money
|
to the
|
poor’
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
3 |
2 |
|
|
Passive:
|
|
srkar
|
koũ
|
gribã |
na
|
|
‘The
|
money
|
will
|
be given
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
5 |
|
6-7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
psa
|
dItta
|
jyẽga
|
|
|
to
|
the
|
poor
|
by the
|
| 5 |
6 |
7 |
|
|
4 |
|
3 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
government’
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
And also passives in which the agent with /dũ/
or /koũ/
postposition is dropped. Examples:
|
|
|
wo
|
mare
|
geyo
|
|
‘He
|
was killed’
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
|
1 |
2-3 |
|
|
|
|
git
|
gayo
|
jy€
|
|
|
‘The
|
song
|
is
|
sung’
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
1 |
4 |
2-3 |
|
|
There are also objectivized constructions in which object case occurs
as the subject of the sentences in such sentences usually those
intransitive verbs occur which have corresponding transitive. Examples
are :
|
|
buţa
|
ga
|
pttr
|
 ha
|
|
|
‘The
|
leaves
|
of
|
the
|
tree
|
have
|
fallen’
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
|
|
3 |
2 |
|
1 |
5 |
4 |
|
| |
|
mez
|
pjj€
|
|
|
‘The
|
table
|
breaks’
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
|
|
1 |
2-3 |
|
| |
|
y
|
pàr
|
tUi€go
|
|
‘This
|
load
|
will
|
be
|
weighed’
|
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
|
1 |
2 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
7. Comparative Sentences :
|
|
Comparative sentence is based upon the two adjective sentences and the
adjective being the same is related at the surface level with the help of
/koũ/
postposition occurring after the second noun phrase marks the comparison.
Examples are :
|
