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Explanation:

 

From the above inflectional suffixes and the conjugation tables we get the following verbal forms:
 

(1) Contingent :
 

Contingent form is formed by adding (a-1) inflectional suffixes marking person-number concordance to a verbal stem (intransitive, transitive, causative and compound etc.). In this language this form marks uncertainty etc. and always occurs in the indicative mood i.e. never occurs in negative sentences. A few examples are :
 

hũ

jaũ

‘I 

may go’ 

(Ip.sg.)

2

wo 

jy

‘He 

may go’ 

(IIIp. sg.)

2

tũ 

bu

kmpp€

‘You 

may cut the 

tree’  (IIp.sg.)

2

1  3  2


(2) Imperative :

 

There are two types of imperatives marked by suffixes (a.2) and (a.3). a. 2 marks immediate action whereas (a.3) marks the remote action. Besides (a.2) is ordinary imperative marking order and (a.3) denotes the politeness or request. Any verbal stem unmarked can occur as ordinary imperative in IInd person singular except that the final geminated consonants get simplified and verbal stem takes {-o} suffix for IInd person plural. Besides, there are some monosyllabic stems ending in // also takes {-o} suffix to denote IInd person singular imperative. Example are :
 

Ordinary and Immediate Imperative
 

tũ

y  

seu 

k

‘You(sg.) 

pluck 

this 

apple’(IIp.sg.)

t 

ye 

seu 

kppo 

‘You (pl.) 

pluck  these  apples’ (IIp.pl.)
3
 

tũ

y 

k

k

‘You (sg.)

 do  this  work’  (IIp.sg.)

1

4  2  3

t

y 

k

kro 

‘You(pl.)

 do  this  work’ (IIp.pl.)

1

3  4  1  4  2  3

tũ

It 

ró  

‘You (sg.) 

live 

here’ (IIp.sg.)

1

 2  3  3  2
 

tũ

ya 

g

kó  

‘You (sg.)

 say  this  thing’ (IIp.sg.)

1

 2  3
 
tũ

  It

 ló  

‘You (sg.)

 say    this  thing’ (IIp.sg.)  (IIp.sg.)
1 2 3 1 4 2 3

t

It

 ró

‘You (pl.) 

live 

here’ 

(IIp.pl.)

2


(From the above examples /ró/ denotes both second person singular and plural imperative forms)
 

Polite and Remote Imperative :
 

tũ

y 

seu 

kpIye 

‘Please  cut/pluck  this  apple’

(IIp.sg.)

1

3

tm

ye 

seu 

kpIyo 

‘You (pl.) 

please  cut/ pluck

these 

apples  (IIp.pl.)

4

3

tũ

y 

k

krIye 

‘You (sg.)  please  do  this  work’

1

 

2

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

 

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