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BROKSKAT GRAMMAR
N.Ramaswami

// has one allophone [] he voiced back velar fricative.

/op/
/orndil/
/oa

 [op]
[oil]
 [oa.]

‘hollow’
‘cuckoo’
‘fullmoon’

/m/ has one allophone [m] the voiced bilabial nasal.

/motik/
/ba:miR/
/kRam/

 [motik]
 [ba:miR]
 [kRum]

‘pearl’
‘priest’
‘work’
/n/ has three allophones [n], [] and [n]-
[n
] the voiced dental nasal, occurs with dental consonants.

/^nda/
/gRondis/
/alanta/

 [^nda.]
 [gRondis]
[al^nta.]

‘pocket’
‘to invite’
‘this much’

 

[] the voiced retroflex nasal, occurs with retroflex consonant.

/Rindi/
/gandu:Ro/
/sgundumRa/

 

 [Rii.]
[g^u:Ro.]
[sguumR^´]

 

‘adultery’
‘gullet’
‘colour between black and red’


 

[n] the voiced alverolar nasal occurs elsewhere.

/namRe:l/
/Rgunma/
/Rgakhan/
 

[n^mRe:l]
[Rgunma.]
[Rg^kh^n]

‘aeroplane’
'mare’
‘friendship’
 
// has two allophones [ñ] and []-
[ñ] the voieced palatal nasal, occurs either with front vowel or with palatal consonant

/ilis/
/yagzeR/
/aa:R/
/kRiis/

[ñiliis]
[ñy^gzeR]
 [aña:R]
 [kRiñis]

‘to hide’
‘pay’
‘pickle’
‘to decay’

 
[] the voiced velar nasal occurs elsewhere.

/aRmo/
/lunkhoR/
/thapa/

 [^Rmo.]
 [lukhoR]
[th^p^]

‘sweet’
‘cyclone’
‘now’

 
l/ has two allophones [] and [l] -
[] the voiced retroflex lateral, occurs either with the palatal consonant or with the retroflex consonants.

/lama/
/meloR/
/gultan/
/haldu:Ro/

[^ma.]
 [meoR]
[gu^n]
 [h^u:Ro.]

‘tree
‘lampworship’
‘grape’
‘yellow’

 

[l] the voiced alveolar lateral occurs elsewhere.

/landi/
/dilis/
/Rapsal/

 [l^ndi.]
 [dilis]
[R^ps^l]

‘voice’
‘to peel’
‘kitchen’

 
This sound [l] freely varies with alveolar aspirated lateral [lh] in the following words [l^n] ~ [lh^n] ‘ox’, [la:pho:E] ~ [lha:pho:E.] ‘elephant'

/R/ has one allophone [R], the voiced alveolar trill.

/Ra:zis/
/bu:mbaRik/
/tuksuR/

 [Ra:zis]
 [bu:mb^Rik]
 [tuksuR]

 ‘to say’
‘blessing’
‘name of a seed’

 

/y/ has one allophone [y] the palatal semi-vowel.

/yu/
/yamo/
/a:yebo/

[yu]
[yÃmo.]
[a:yebo.]

‘turmeric’
‘light’
‘parents’

 

1.5. Distribution of Phonemes :
1.5.1. Vowels :-

All the vowels occur both in the initial position and in the medial position. All the long vowels do not occur in the final position.

/i/ /imia:nda:r/
‘honest’
ia:R/
‘iron’
/guli/
/i:/ /i: this/
‘to allow’
/ki:t/
‘trousers’
/e/ /ea:Ra/
‘signal’
/seR/
‘gold’
/a:pe/
‘some’
/e:/ /e:kik/
‘alone’
/ne:ik/
‘wonder’
/u/ /unis/
‘to feed’
/punis/
‘to ride’
/paqbu/
‘brick’

       

                                       

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