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/p/  /pisi/ ‘father’s sister’ /japi/ ‘to close’  /dopdop/ ‘to flicker’
/t/ /tuku/ ‘nest’  /gtŋ/ ‘ghee’ / halat/ ‘razor’
//  /uu/ ‘end’ /goa/ ‘solid’ /ko/ ‘coat’
/k/ /kadala/  ‘banana’ /čoke/ ‘frog’  /malik/ ‘master’
/?/  x   /da?a/  ‘water’ /ma?/ ‘to cut’
/b/  /baŋgara/ ‘short’ /aba/  ‘father’ /purub/ ‘east’
/d/   /daru/ ‘tree’ /sadm/ ‘horse’ /korod/ ‘saw’
// /a:ŋua/  ‘bachelor’ /mei/ ‘ram’    
/g/  /gama/ ‘rain’ /haga/  ‘brother’ /mag/ ‘name of a month’
/ph/ /pharči/ ‘to wash’        
/th/   /thu:/ ‘squirrel’ /parthana/ ‘to pray’    
/h/   /hor/ ‘to know’ /piha/ ‘cake’    
/kh/ /khaa/ ‘blind’  /gu:ikha:i/ ‘sugar cane’    
/bh/ bhul/ ‘evil’        
/dh/ /dhula/ ‘dust’ /bindhai/ ‘to betroth’    
/h/ /hika/ ‘coagulate’ /hoahipa/ ‘rough’    
/gh/ /gha:rna/ ‘eclipse’ /nalghar/ ‘plough share’    
/č /čau/ ‘moon’ /bičina/  ‘cough’    
/j/ /ja:ŋ/ ‘bone’ /b:ja:ŋ/ ‘skull’ /trbu:j/ ‘water melon’
/čh/ /čhannia/ ‘worry’        
/jh/ /jho:rka/ ‘window’        
/s/  ‘sasaŋ/ ‘turmeric’  /sisir/ ‘dew’ /bes/ ‘good’
/m/   /maraŋ/ ‘big’ /kimin/ ‘daughter-in-law /gu:m/ ‘winnowing pan’
/n/ noia/   ‘coconut’ /ja:num/ ‘thorn’ /taran/ ‘shoulder’
// /e/  ‘this’ /i:i/ ‘tin’ /ba:/ ‘flood
/ŋ/   /suŋgu:ti/ ‘friend’ /huiŋ/ ‘small’
/l/ /loso?/ ‘mud’ /kuili/ ‘cuckoo’ /umbul/ ‘shade’
/r/ /rimbil/ ‘cloud’ /drea/ ‘ocean’ /bir/ ‘forest’
// /gaa/ ‘river’ /rea/ ‘cold’

2.5.  

Clusters

2.5.1.  

Vowel Clusters


Bhumij has clusters of two vowels. There are few clusters of two nasalized vowels. Vowel clusters are found in the word initial, word medial and word final positions. Word initial clusters of two vowels are very few compare to the word medial and word final clusters. Word medial clusters of two vowels are more compare to word final clusters of two vowels.
 

In the word medial clusters of two vowels, the occurrence of a, i, u as second member is more compare to the occurrence of other vowels as second member. However, no vowel seems to be prominent as a first member in the medial cluster of two vowels. The vowel clusters are given below:

1.


Initial clusters of two vowels

ai aiŋ ‘I’
i:a  i:am ‘weeping’


2. 
 


Medial clusters of two vowels :
 
 
-ei-  teiŋ ‘to weave’
-ai-  marai? ‘peacock’
-oi- roika ‘to protect’
-ui- thuiŋ ‘to shoot’
-ia- niam ‘oath’
-ea-

 

‘reau

 

 ‘cold’

 

 
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