16. |
ra:ja |
h 
- ko - te |
landa-len-rereo |
-a?e |
| |
king |
man - pl-case |
laugh-pass-though |
he |
| |
ari |
idi |
- l |
- a |
| |
rule |
continue |
-tense |
-cop |
|
|
‘Though the king was laughed at by the
people, he continued to rule. |
|
17. |
ra:¸i
|
pulis-te |
thol |
- len |
rereo |
a?e |
ka |
| |
queen |
police case |
arrest |
-pass |
-though |
she |
neg |
|
 akmakaw |
- len - a - ?e |
| upset |
pass-cop-PT |
|
|
‘Though queen was arrested by the
police, she was not upset’ |
|
5. The morpheme gireo and rereo may be moved to the front
of the sentence along with the verb in the active and passive constructions
respectively.
|
18.
|
alak - gireo
|
soma |
 ia |
jetai |
ka-ko |
manatiŋa |
|
|
‘Though Soma is intelligent
no one will admit’ |
|
19. |
landalen - rereo |
ra:ja |
h-ko-te
|
a?e ari idi-l-a |
|
|
‘Though the king was
laughed at by the people, he continued to rule’ |
|
thollen-rereo
|
ra:i
|
pulis-te |
a?e ka |
akmakaw |
lena?e |
|
|
‘Though the queen was
arrested by the police, she was not upset.’ |
|
6.
|
Truncated passive :
|
Truncated passsive sentences are those which do not have
agentive phrase.
|
21. |
gomi |
thol |
-
len - a - ?e |
| |
Gomy |
arrest |
-pass-cop-PT |
|
|
|
22. |
Soma |
sabais |
- len - a - ?e |
| |
Soma |
praise |
-pass-cop-PT |
|
|
|
23. |
situ |
e gage
|
dal - len - a - ?e |
|
Sithu |
seriously |
beat-pass-cop-PT |
|
|
‘Sithu was beaten seriously’ |
|
6.10.2.
|
Pronominalization :
|
1. In the processs of pronominalization a full NP is
converted into a pronoun if it is identical to another appropriately
situated NP. (Riemsdijk and Williams: 1986: 194).
|
1. |
Soma |
men-l-a |
a?e |
hasui |
tai-len-a-?e |
| |
Soma |
say-tense |
he |
sick |
was |
|
|
|
2. |
Suni |
men-l-a |
a?e |
alaki
|
tai-len-a-?e |
|
Suny |
say-tense |
she |
intelligent |
was |
|
|
‘Suni said she was intelligent’ |
|
In the above sentences, it could be seen that the pronouns
stand for the subject of the matrix sentence.
|
2. The pronoun may stand for nounphrases also as shown in
the following sentence.
|
3.
|
aiŋ
- a |
bumij |
 iksanaria
|
besaiŋ
|
maraŋ |
| |
I-case |
Bhumij |
dictionary |
very |
big |
|
