5. In Bhumij, the deletion of subject pronoun
is common. The simple sentences like
|
21. |
aiŋ |
sen - a - iŋ |
|
| |
I |
go-cop-PT |
‘I go’ |
|
22. |
aiŋ |
jom - a - iŋ |
|
| |
I |
eat - cop -PT |
‘I eat’ |
|
23. |
aiŋ |
hi?i-dha i
- a - iŋ |
|
| |
I |
come |
can-cop-PT |
|
|
|
may be expressed in the negative construction
as,
|
24. |
ka-iŋ
sena |
‘(I) do not go’ |
25. |
ka-iŋ
joma |
‘(I) do not eat’ |
26. |
ka-iŋ
hi?i-dhaia
|
‘(I) can not come’ |
|
where the negative marker occurs in the
senetence initial position. Though the negative marker occurs with person marker in the sentence initial position as
shown above, there is a difference between the two. The person marker is repeated along with the subject pronoun but, it
is not possible when the negative marker occurs in the sentence initial position. This may be seen in the following
sentences :
|
27. |
aiŋ
- iŋ |
sena |
‘I go’ |
28. |
aiŋ
- iŋ |
joma |
‘I eat’ |
29. |
*ka - aiŋ-iŋ |
sena |
‘I do not go’ |
30. |
*ka - aiŋ-iŋ
|
joma |
‘I do not eat’ |
|
The occurence of person marker with other
grammatical categories like conjunction, postposition, adverb etc., may be seen in the chapter 6.2.3.
Though the negative marker ka-occurs in the sentence initial position and
when the subject is deleted optionally with perosn marker, as seen below, there is a
difference between the subject occuring at the sentence initial position and
the negative marker occuring with the person marker.
|
31. |
kage, |
a?e |
aiŋ-a |
haga |
ka-heke |
| |
No, |
he |
I-case |
brother |
neg-is |
|
| ‘No, he is not my brother’ |
|
32. |
kage, |
a?e |
aiŋ-a |
suŋgu:ti |
ka-heke |
| |
No, |
he |
I-case |
friend |
neg-is |
|
| ‘No, he is not my friend’ |
|
33. |
kage, |
 ia a
|
bir |
ka-heke |
| |
No, |
this |
forest |
neg-is |
|
| ‘No, this is not a forest’ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
But the pronoun takes the person marker with the subject
as shown below:
|
35. |
aiŋ-iŋ |
sena |
‘I go’ |
36. |
aiŋ-iŋ
|
joma |
‘I eat’ |
|
But this kind of construction is not possible
with negative :
|
37. |
*ka-aiŋ-iŋ |
sena |
38. |
*ka-aiŋ-iŋ |
joma |
|
| When the tag question occurs in a sentence, the
positive sentence takes negative tag question and the negative sentence takes positive tag question as seen in the following
sentences. |
39. |
ramo |
jo-ko |
au - l - a, ka - au - l - a -
 i |
| |
Rama |
fruit-pl. |
bring-tense neg. bring-tense-que |
|
| ‘Rama brought the fruits, didn’t bring? |
|
