myu h
yalyo pa m bido
|
man det. Yalyo
pur. work-exist
|
|
‘the man worked
for Yalyo’
|
|
o   ka
aba pa iliyo soye bubiti
|
I I-gen. father
pur. sword one bring-p.t.
|
|
‘I brought a
sword for my father’
|
|
m lu
aki pa yo medo
|
they dog pur.
meat search-exist
|
|
‘they are searching
meat for dog’
|
|
|
|
| The
purposive case sign ‘pa’ indicates the change of state of objects
when they are used with inchoative noun phrases. In such instances,
the predicate used is - lyi ‘to become’. |
yasi h
taping pa lyido
|
water det. snow
pur. become-exist
|
|
‘the water became
snow’
|
|
m
sar pa lido
|
he teacher pur.
become-exist
|
|
‘he became a
teacher’
|
|
kago dmamyu
pa lyido
|
Kago criminal
pur. become-exist
|
|
‘Kago became a
criminial’
|
|
|
|
| Genitive
|
| The genitive
case sign is ‘ka’. It indicates the possessive relationship of the
noun phrase and other derived relationships. See the examples below
:
|
m
ka oho
|
‘his son’
|
|
he gen. son
|
|
m
ka aba
|
‘her father’
|
|
she gen. father
|
|
ka
ala
|
my hand’
|
|
I-gen. hand
|
|
|
myu ka aji
|
‘man’s land’
|
|
man gen. land
|
|
ka
pota
|
‘my book’
|
|
‘my book’
|
|
unu
ka lemba
|
‘our village’
|
|
we gen. village
|
|
|
ude ka tuli
|
‘the pillar of
the house’
|
|
house gen. pillar
|
|
|
|
his height’
|
|
he gen. height
|
|
kago ka an
|
‘Kago’s
coming’
|
|
Kago gen. coming
|
|
myu ka ádun
|
‘the hauling of
the pople’
|
|
people gen. hauling
|
|
|
|
‘her punishment’
|
|
she ac. gen. punishment
|
|
|
|
| Possessive :
|
| Besides the genitive,
another possessive case is found in Apatani. The possessive case indicates
the possessive role in the sentence. Unlike the genitive, which stands
for intraphrasal relationship, this indicates interphrasal relationship.
It occurs only when the predicate is an existential verb (i.e., any
one of ‘da, du, do’ which are existential verbs).
|
