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‘iko ho’1 :    This is used to indicate that the location is below the referent and is proximate.

mlu saniko ho dune.
they tree under loc. sit-p.t.
‘they sat under a tree’
m yag mi tebil (ka) iko ho atbne
he basket acc. table gen. below loc. ken-p.t.
‘he kept the basket below the table’

 ‘bipi ho’:      This is used to indicate that the locus is under the referent.

alyi ude bp ho gido
pig house under loc. live-exist
‘the pig is living under the house’
o sgo bp ho pat dore kapate
I bridge under loc. live-exist
‘I saw a tiger under the bridge’

‘hata ho’ : This is used to indicate that the locus is in front of the referent.

ude hata ho hime h ilyo at t
house p.p. loc. boy det. sword keep-p.t.
‘the boy kept the sword in front of the house’
myu ata hka myu hata ho dudu
people pl.w. that man front loc. sit-exist
‘people are sitting in front of that man’

1. san (ka) iko means ‘lower part of the tree’             
and san (ka) mitu means ‘top of the tree’
 ‘kli ho’ : This is used to indicate that the locus is behind the referent.

yalyo m ka aba kli ho dune
Yalyo she gen. elder behind loc. sit-p.t. brother
‘Yalyo sat behind her brother’
nyim sani kli ho acigne
woman tree behind loc. hide-p.t.
‘the woman hide behind the tree’

‘ura ho’ : This is used to indicate that the locus is inside the referent.

unu ude ura ho du
we house inside loc. exist
‘we are inside the house’
san rbu ura ho tabu do
tree hole inside loc. snake exist
‘there is a snake inside the hole of the tree’
yala rbu ura ho i da
stone hole inside loc. fish exist
‘there are fish inside the stones’

 ‘ago ho’ : This is used to indicate that the locus is outside the referent.

myu ataude ago ho danyada
people pl.w. house outside loc. stand-exist
‘many people are standing outside the house’
ago ho ano lex do
outside loc. very cold exist
‘it is very cold outside’

‘aru ho’ : This is used toindicate that the locus is near the referent.
 

 

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