 o
kago mi latut
|
I Kago acc.
catch-p.t.
|
|
‘I caught Kago’
|
|
|
|
I-gen. father
det. I-acc. scold-p.t.
|
|
‘my father scolded
me’
|
|
mó emo mi pitku
|
she paddy acc.
collect-asp.
|
|
‘she collected
the paddy’
|
|
ak
h
ami si mi pidu
|
dog det. cat
det. acc. bark-asp
|
|
‘the dog is
barking at the cat’
|
|
m lu
sulu mi berbdu
|
they fence acc.
jump-asp.
|
|
‘they are jumping
over the fence’
|
|
|
|
lema mi roe
|
|
I I-gen. place
of birth village acc. once
|
|
tare apamara
ssi
rayepa
|
time native
place till now leave
|
|
‘I never left
my native town till now’
|
|
|
|
| When the
subject and object noun share the semantic feature (+human) / (+animate)
the accusative case sign is used obligatorily. When the subject is
(-human) and object is (+human), the object is marked with accusative
case sign. |
aki tayu
mi asbne
|
dog Tayung acc.
bite-p.t
|
|
‘the dog bit
Tayung’
|
|
|
|
cow he acc.
kick-p.t.
|
|
‘the cow kicked
him’
|
|
|
|
| When
the subject is (human)
/ (animate)
and the object is (-human) / (-animate) the accusative case sign is
dropped. |
|
|
he cow kill-p.t.
|
|
‘he killed the
cow’
|
|
|
|
pig det. meat
take away-p.t.
|
|
‘the pig took
away meat’
|
|
aki si paro
cibne
|
dog det. hen
catch-p.t.
|
|
‘the dog caught
a hen’
|
|
|
|
| In such
instances, the accusative case sign is used to specify the object. |
tayu
alyi mi lagne
|
Tayung pig acc.
bring-p.t.
|
|
‘Tayung brought
the pig (specific)’
|
|
m
alyi mi pabne
|
he pig acc.
kill-p.t.
|
|
‘he killed the
pig (specific)’
|
|
|
|
| The
same rule holds good, when the subject is a natural force. |
alyi ude hedubne
|
wind house destroy-p.t.
|
|
‘the wind destroyed
the house’
|
|
|
|
| Dative: |
| The dative
case sign is the same as that of the accusative, i.e., ‘mi’. It functions
as the indirect object at syntactic level. Since the semantic
role and the syntactic function of the dative and accusative noun
phrases are different, they are treated as separate cases despite
its identity in form. Moreover both dative and accusative noun phrases
occur in a simple sentence. Dative noun phrase indicates the benefactive
role. |
