Nominative
: |
The nominative
is unmarked and occurs without any case sign. Usually, nominative
functions as the subject of the sentence and takes the sentence
initial position. Since the other noun phrases are marked, the
subject can be easily identified even if there is any change
in the normal position. Semantically, it may be the agent, the
affected entity, the instrumental or the experience of the action
identified by the verb. |
aki
h
pido. |
dog
det. bark-asp |
'the
dog is barking' |
|
ami
si imido |
cat
det. sleep-asp. |
‘the
cat is sleeping’ |
|
pat
alyi cixbine |
tiger
pig kill-p.t. |
‘the
tiger killed the pig’ |
|
|
woman
rice cook-p.t. |
‘the
woman cooked rice’ |
|
yala
bayine |
stone
roll-p.t. |
‘the
stone rolled’ |
|
yasi
bidu |
water
flow-asp |
‘water
flows’ |
|
kago
m
mi dambine |
Kago
he acc. beat-p.t. |
‘Kago
beat him’ |
|
emo
mi tarh rilorijabne |
paddy
acc. snow destroy-p.t |
‘snow
destroyed the paddy’ |
|
|
woman
acc. lightning kill-p.t. |
‘lightning
killed the woman’ |
|
yalyo
haya duku |
Yalyo
hungry exist-asp |
‘Yalyo
is hungry’ |
|
|
I-gen.
younger brother det. get frighten-p.t. |
‘my
younger brother got frightened’ |
|
ka
lapyo si aha do |
I-gen.
palm det. itching sensation exist |
‘I
have itching sensation on my palm’ |
|
hime
si oho do |
boy
det. be tall exist |
‘the
boy is tall’ |
|
|
|
Accusative
: |
The accusative
case sign is ‘mi’. This indicates the object of a transitive
verb. Usually, this precedes the verb. It has the patient role
in a sentence. |
|