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Nominative :
The nominative is unmarked and occurs without any case sign. Usually, nominative functions as the subject of the sentence and takes the sentence initial position. Since the other noun phrases are marked, the subject can be easily identified even if there is any change in the normal position. Semantically, it may be the agent, the affected entity, the instrumental or the experience of the action identified by the verb.

aki h pido.
dog det. bark-asp
'the dog is barking'
ami si imido
cat det. sleep-asp.
‘the cat is sleeping’
pat alyi cixbine
tiger pig kill-p.t.
‘the tiger killed the pig’
nym api mine
woman rice cook-p.t.
‘the woman cooked rice’
yala bayine
stone roll-p.t.
‘the stone rolled’
yasi bidu
water flow-asp
‘water flows’
kago m mi dambine
Kago he acc. beat-p.t.
‘Kago beat him’
emo mi tarh rilorijabne
paddy acc. snow destroy-p.t
‘snow destroyed the paddy’
nym mi gyopu goxbne
woman acc. lightning kill-p.t.
‘lightning killed the woman’
yalyo haya duku
Yalyo hungry exist-asp
‘Yalyo is hungry’
ka anu   h bisne
I-gen. younger brother det. get frighten-p.t.
‘my younger brother got frightened’
ka lapyo si aha do
I-gen. palm det. itching sensation exist
‘I have itching sensation on my palm’
hime si oho do
boy det. be tall exist
‘the boy is tall’

Accusative :
The accusative case sign is ‘mi’. This indicates the object of a transitive verb. Usually, this precedes the verb. It has the patient role in a sentence.
 

 

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