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Manner Adverb :This indicates the manner of an action being performed.
ayapa ‘nicely’
   
nyibyapa  ‘quickly’
Time Adverb :This indicates the time of action or the occurrence of an event identified by the verb. In the following, items are listed that are used to indicate temporal locations. When they occur in combination with other items, the iitial vowel is deleted.
aro morning’
   
alo ‘day’
   
ali ‘evening’
   
ayo ‘night’
   
anya ‘year’
   
When the temporal reference is made to that day on which speech act takes place, then, - si ‘this’ is prefixed to the above items, the word initial vowel of the following word is deleted as a result of fusion of elements.
silo 'today (this day)'
siro 'today morning (this morning)'
sili 'today evening (this evening)'
siyo 'today night (this night)'
sinya 'this year'
when the temporal reference is to a day just previous to the day of speech act, then 'bi' is prefixed to the above items. As a result of the fusion, the word initial vowel is deleted.
bilo ‘yesterday (previous day)’
   
biro ‘last morning (previous morning)’
   
bili ‘last evening (previous evening)’
   
biyo ‘last night (previous night)’
   
binya ‘last year (previous year)’
   
It is also posssible to form participial constructions like the following :
inekun anya ‘last year’
go-p.t.-asp.-nom. year  
   
inekun plo ‘last month’
go-p.t.-asp.-nom. month  
When the temporal reference is to a day just after the day of speech act then ‘arda’ is used. Here ‘arda’ itself stands for ‘tomorrow’ and unlike the other forms discussed just above, further specifications is made adding them with the genitive form of ‘arda’. But deletion of the genitive marker is optional.
arda ‘tomorow’
   
arda (ka) aro ‘tomorrow morning’
   
arda (ka) ali ‘tomorrow evening’
   
arda (ka) ayo ‘tomorrow night’
   
 

 

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