| Negative Conditional: |
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In Abujhmaria the negative conditional is formed by the addition of -ek to the negative suffix -v- which is added to the verb base. The same construction is noticed in Adilabad Gondi too. At present for comparison the corresponding suffixes are not available for other CDr. languages.
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Maria |
Gondi (Adlabad) |
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a -w-e:k |
a-v-e:ke ‘if one does not cook’ |
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wa:y-w-e:k |
vay-v-e:ke ‘if one does not come’ |
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| Negative Verb Base: |
The Abujhmaria negative verb base hile/ile is related to the PDr. *cil ‘to be not (Ta. Ma. Ko. To. Ko . Ko. il; Tu. ijji-; Te. le:; Go. sill, hill; Pe. nil; Man. la:; Kui si·.-; Kuvi hill; Pa. cil (See, DED.2106). In Abujhmaria and many other CDr. languages they are inflected with the addition of the negative suffix and the personal endings.
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In Abujhmaria yet there is another negative verb a:yo: (Verb base a:y- ‘to become’ + the negative suffix -o:) expresses the meaning not-so-and-so which also may be related to the PDr. negative verb *al- (DED.198) which mean ‘not-so-and-so’.
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id a:yo: ad |
‘not this, that one’ |
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wo:r a:yor we:r |
‘not he, that person’ |
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| Pronominal Suffixes: |
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Abujhmaria pronominal suffixes like in other Dravidian languages show a similarity with those of corresponding personal pronouns.
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Pronouns |
Pronominal suffixes |
Pdr. forms |
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I Sg. nana |
-an, -n |
*-Vn |
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I Pl. ma: |
-o:m, -m |
*-Vm |
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II Sg. nima |
-i:n, -i |
*-a:y/*-i |
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II Pl. mi: |
-i:r, -i: |
*i:r |
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III Masc.: |
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Sg. wo:r |
-r, -u:r, -o:r |
*-a:n |
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Pl.wo:rlo:r |
-r, -u:r, -o:r |
*-a:r |
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III Non-masc.: |
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Sg. ad |
-a, -Ø |
*-(V)t |
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Pl. aw |
-o: , - |
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The above pronominal suffixes may be compared with the pronominals of other languages of Dravidain family. It must also be noted that in Gondi (-a:n) and Pengo (-i´) the suffix corresponds not to any other neuter plural suffix in any of the sister languages. (Table-I).
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