| Prohibitive: |
In Maria prohibitive has the structure of base + prohibitive -ma: + 2 Sg. suffix or 2 Pl. suffix - . The same morphological structure is noticed in Gondi (Adilabad), Koya, Kon a and Pengo.
|
| Maria, Gondi: |
|
a-ma:-Ø (Sg.) |
‘do not cook’ |
|
a-ma:- (Pl.) |
| Koya: |
|
va:da ma: (Sg.) |
‘do not come’ |
|
va:da ma:i (Pl.) |
| Kona: |
|
ki-ma (Sg.) |
‘do not do’ |
|
ki-ma- |
| Pengo: |
|
hi:-ma (Sg.) |
‘do not give’ |
|
hi:-ma- (Pl.) |
|
|
The different suffixes in other CDr. languages are:
|
|
Kui : |
-?a(neg.) + Sg. - Ø |
|
|
Pl. - u |
|
|
Kuvi : |
-?a(neg.) + Sg. ni |
|
|
Pl. -du |
|
|
Kolami : |
-ne(neg.) + Sg. -m |
|
|
Pl. r/ - |
|
|
Naiki : |
-ne(neg.) + Sg. -m |
|
|
Pl. - r |
|
|
Parji : |
-m(neg.) + Sg. - en |
|
|
Pl. - or |
| Gadba : base + the prohibitive - men |
|
|
Gondi, Kona and Pengo agree with one another in having -ma as the negative suffix in prohibitive
mood followed by 2 Sg. -Ø and Pl. -. In Parji-Gadba the prohibitive-negative suffix is -m. It is possible to relate this -m to the prohibitive found in Gondi-Kona-Pengo group.
|
| Imperative: |
|
In most of the Dravidian languages like Tamil, Malayalam, Kanna·a, Tulu, Telugu, Kolami, Nalki, Parji and partly in Brahui the base itself functions as the imperative singular without any overt marker. Even in Abujhmaria there is zero suffix occurring after verb stems ending in a nasal and after a few stems which end in -y.
|
|
Verb |
Imperative |
|
|
tin- |
tin-Ø |
‘(you) eat’ |
|
mam- |
mam-Ø |
‘(you) sell’ |
|
un- |
un-Ø |
‘(you) drink’ |
|
wa:y- |
wa:y-Ø |
‘(you) come’ etc. |
|
|
In Abujhmaria and other CDr. languages like Gondi, Mana, Pengo, Kui, Kuvi, Kolami, Naiki (Ch), Parji, Gadba in NDr. languages Malto and Brahui, it seems that there is no distinction of polite imperative as found in some languages like Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannaa and Kurux.
|
|
Gondi, Kona, Pengo and some of the Kuvi dialects contian -a as the imperative suffix which
could be reconstructed to the Proto-Gondi-Kuvi stage. Kurux-Malto also contain the suffix -a which occur in a large number of verbs in Brahui also.
|
