Tense

Past -t-/-nd-/-nj-/-c- -i-/-t-/-nd- -t-/-d-/-id- Pre. -inj-/-yinj-/-kinj-   -tt- Fut. -v-/-p- -p-/-v- (non-past) -v- Hortative -o -ai -o:a Permissive -ae -alu -ali Conditional -ela -e:Ngi -are

Pronouns

'I' na:nu na:ni na:nu ‘we’ (Incl) na:mu naNga na:vu       (Excl) na:ngau     ‘you’ (Sg) ni:yu ni:ni ni:nu ‘you’ (P1) ni:nga ni:Nga ni:vu ‘he’ ave ave avanu ‘she’ ava:u ava avau ‘it’ ave adi adu ‘they’ ava:ru ayNga avaru ‘those’ ava:ru avu avu

9.2.2    Yerava and Malayalam Phonology

Phonology

The Malayalam language has /i, e, a, u, o/ and their corresponding long forms. ‘In addition it has /U/ short, high back, unrounded vowel. The Yerava also has /i, e, a, u, o/ and their corresponding long forms. The short, high, back, unrounded vowel is absent.

In the stop series, Malayalam has the voiceless alveoler stop /t/ without a corresponding voiced stop. The same absent in Yerava.

In the fricative series, Malayalam has /s, s, s, h/. All these are absent in Yerava as phonemes. However, a voiceless affricate // is present in Yerava with [s] as an allophone of //. Wherein [s] occurs intervocally and // occurring elsewhere.