|
BILABLAL |
|
DENTAL |
ALVEOLAR |
RETROFLX |
PALATAL |
VELAR |
|
|
voiceless |
Labio-dental |
voiceless |
voiceless |
voiceless |
voiceless |
voiceless |
|
|
voiced |
|
voiced |
voiced |
voiced |
voiced |
voiced |
|
|
Lax Tense |
vd |
Lax Tense |
|
Lax Tense |
|
Lax Tense |
|
| Plosives |
p b  d
r R
c Č
j k g
|
| Fricatives |
B s
s
x
y
|
| Nasals |
m
n
n
ñ
η
|
| Laterals |
l
|
| Trills |
r
|
| Flap |
|
| Semi Vowels |
v
y
|
|
| 2.2. Urali Phonemes |
| 2.2.1. Segmental Phonemes |
| In Urali there are thirtysix segmental phonemes. Of these, sixteen are vowels and the remaining twenty are consonants. The vowel phonemes of Urali may be classified into two types, namely, noncentralised and centralised. In the first type, we have five noncentralised vowel phonemes. /a, e, i, o, u/. In the second type, we have three centralised vowels corresponding to the noncentralised /a,e,u/, that is, /ä, ë, ü/. The vowel system of Urali, thus exhibits some structural holes in so far as the vowels /i/ and /o/ do not have their centralised counterparts. |
| The centralised vowels occur only in a limited number of words, although they have a phonemic staus. |
| The twenty segmental consonant phonemes are classified into six types, namely, Plosives, Fricatives, Nasals, Laterals, Trills and Semivowels on the basis of the manner in which the consonants are articulated. In the following chart, the manner of articulation is indicated in the vertical scale whereas the Point of articulation is given in the horizontal scale. |
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