| 2.2.1.1. Urali Vowel Phonemes |
|
|
|
Non-Central-ised |
Centra-lised |
Non-Centra-lised |
Centra-lised |
Non-Centra-lised |
Centra-lised |
| High |
i, i: |
|
|
|
u, u: |
ü, ü: |
| Mid |
e, e: |
ë ë |
|
|
o, o: |
|
| Low |
|
|
|
|
a, a: |
ä ä |
|
| 2.2.1.2. Urali Consonant Phonemes |
| |
BILABIAL |
LABIO-DENTAL |
DENTAL |
ALVEOLAR |
RETROFLX |
PALATAL |
VELAR |
|
|
vl |
vd |
vl |
vd |
vl |
vd |
vl |
vd |
vl |
vd |
vl |
vd |
vl |
vd |
| Plosives |
p |
b |
|
|
t |
d |
|
R* |
 |
 |
c |
j |
k |
g |
| Fricatives |
|
|
|
|
|
|
s |
|
|
|
|
|
| Nasals |
|
m |
|
|
|
|
|
n |
|
 |
|
|
| Latarals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
l |
|
 |
|
|
| Trills |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
r |
|
|
|
|
| Semivowels |
|
|
v |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
y |
|
|
| * Though the pre alveolar voiced plosive /R/ is treated as a plosive, it has the tinge of trill. Thus, one may also offer an alternative phonetic description for this as tense (hard) trill as opposed to /r/ which is transcribed as an alveolar trill. |
| The description of this sound however closely resembles that of plosive sounds rather than the alveolar trill. In that while both /r/ and /R/ occur initially just as other plosive phonemes, it is only /R/ that is geminated in the medial position just as other plosives. |
