| muRung-g-Ø-ed (5.19) |
> |
muRungugedu (Intr.) |
‘the act of twisting’ |
na a-k-Ø-e:m (5.1,19) |
> |
naakke:mu |
‘(we) walk’ |
| e:-vus-g-Ø-a:r (5.19) |
> |
e:vusugaru |
‘(they) cause to break’ |
| Rong-g-Ø-iri (5.19) |
> |
Rongugiri (Intr.) |
‘(you pl.) sleep’ |
| 4.7. Negatives |
The negative notion in Urali is expressed by three different markers and they are designated as negative1, negative2 and negative3. Negative1 is marked with the suffix -a:d-; negative2 represents -a:le and negative3 is marked with -ma - |
| 4.7.1. Negative1 |
| The negative1 marker -a:d- occurs after the transitive marker, the link morph and is always preceded either by the verbal participle or by the relative participle. This type of negative construction is always an infinite construction. This negative marker may be added to |
| i) the verb stem + the transitive marker |
| ii) the verb stem + transitive + link morph -g-, |
| iii) the verb stem + link morph -k- or -g-, and, |
| iv) the verb stem + transitive + causative suffix +link morph -g- |
| St.- [Tr.] - [Cau.] - L.M. {-a:d} |
| 4.7.1.1. ~-a:d |
| i) Verb stem + transitive |
| muRung-k-a:d-a (5.5,7) |
> |
muRukka:da |
‘(one who) does/did not twist’ |
| o:-k-a:d-e (5.5,6) |
> |
o:a:de |
‘without chasing’ |
| naa-t-a:d-e (5.1) |
> |
naatta:de |
‘without walking’ |
| ė:R-tt-a:d-e (5.3) |
> |
ė:tta:de |
‘without climbing’ |
suru -tt-a:d-a (5.2.3) |
> |
surua:da |
‘(one who) does/did not roll’ |
| ii) Verb stem + transitive + link morph -g- |
muRung-k-g-a:d-e
(5.5,7,19) |
> |
muRukkuga:de |
‘without twisting’ |
| o:-k-g-a:d-e (5.5,6,19) |
> |
o:uga:de |
‘without chasing’ |
| naa-t-g-a:d-e (5.1,19) |
> |
naattuga:de |
‘without walking’ |
| ė:R-tt-g-a:d-a (5.3.19) |
> |
ė:ttuga:da |
‘(one who) does/did not climb’ |
| suru-tt-g-a:d-e (5.2,3,19) |
> |
suruuga:de |
‘without rolling’ |
