| The
last example shows assimilation of [d] from voiced to voiceless. |
| (v) Introduction
of glottal check: |
| Apart from the transfer
of checking by way of assimilation, illustrated above, glottal check
is freely introduced in Munda when the two vowels coming together
do not form a diphthong, as in - |
|
ka+e
|
=
|
ka?e
|
ko+o
|
=
|
ko?o
|
|
te+e
|
=
|
te?e
|
ta+e
|
=
|
ta?e
|
|
ge+e
|
=
|
ge?e
|
|
|
|
|
|
| However, occasionally
two same vowels combine to make a long vowel, e.g., ge+e = gee. The
glottal checks are introduced also by contact, when they are transferred
from the original place to the following vowel or even to the preceding
one, as illustrated in ยง 25.1.2 like goe?+o
= goeo? |
| (vi) Deglottalization: |
| Mundari is now having
a fast process of deglottalization. The suffixes like o?, a?, i? are
being softned to o, a and i. The finally occurring such checked vowels
take the sound /g/ when they are followed by another vowel of the
next morpheme, as in bano?o=banoga or jomo?a = jomoga |
| When final checked
vowel either singly or forming a dipthong is followed by another vowel,
checked or unchecked, the checking of the former disappears: |
ka u?+a?
|
=
|
kaua?
|
|
ini?+a?
|
=
|
inia?
|
|
re?+iako
|
=
|
reiako
|
|
|
| But this is not so,
when the checking is due to elisioned [d] sound or ther is a compound
of two independent roots as in [he?au]. |
| The final checked
consonant loses the checking when followed bya vowel, |
| as in [ke?d]+ [a]
=[keda], but retains it when followed by a consonant, e.g., [ke?dkoa]. |
| (vii) Introduction
of euphonic sounds: |
| [e] and [a], these
two sounds are very frequently used as euphonic sounds. They appear
more frequently between two vowels themesleves, as in |
|
|
| There is also a pause
after the euphonic vowel and the following vowel. |
| Also they appear
between a consonant and a vowel as in |
|
au+n
|
=
|
auan
|
|
met+ai+a
|
=
|
meta-aia,
|
|
|
| where there is no
introduction of lengthenig. |
| However, sometime
between two consonants - |
| jom+le = jomele.
Here, we note a vowel harmony with the following one. |
| 2.4.2.6.
Mood Affixes: |
| 2.4.2.6.1 Markers
for the mood: Modd denotes the relationship of the agent with regard
to the kind or manner of action or event. An action or event may be
real, intended, demanded or desired. Mundari does not have special
marker for the conditional. The instrumental suffixes /te/or/ate/
or conditional particie/re/or/do/denote condidtionality. The moods
used with markers are the following: |
(a) Indicative:
It denotes the reality of an action - an asserted fact. However, it
has no marker, nor it employs any other morphological means for the
purpose.
|
