| of
or belongingness to any place or country is intended (i.e., when the
head noun denotes a place) and also when age, price, dimension or
material is denoted by the head noun. /ren/ is the suffix when the
head noun denotes the relation of ‘husband’ and ‘wife’. |
| In /rea?/ the /-a?/
is the marker to be used with the inanimates. It is suffixed to the
inanimate nouns to denote the same type of possession which is denoted
by/-ren/ for the animates. |
| /ra?/ is freely varying
form of /rea?/ and is generally used with the inanimates as partitive
genetitive, e.g., darura? sakam ‘leaf of the tree’ |
| 2.1.5.2. /t/ is prefixed
to the personal pronouns to denote the possessive, but the head noun
which is an animate, specially denoting family relations precedes
the pronominal genetive. |
| E.g., |
hon hopon
tai
|
‘my
children’
|
|
|
| There is a morphophonological
change for third person singular, e.g., t+a?e = te, where /a?/ is
omitted. |
| 2.2.
Demonstratives: They differ from the substantives only in taking a
restricted number of postpositions. The demonstratives for the animates
take the suffixes for number and are also represented in the verbal
phrase by it. |
| The demonstratives
in root form perform the functions of adjectives by qualifying the
nouns, before which they occur. There are three definite, three indefinite
and one interrogative demonstrative roots (as also suggested by Rev.
Hoffman)., The distinguishing characteristic among the three are the
following - |
| (i) the definite
demonstrative when forming pronouns take the personal pronouns in
third person as their suffix for the three numbers - ne+i?=ni?. |
| (ii)
the idefinite demonstrative and interrogative take the definite demonostrative
pronous in such a case, e.g., oko+ni ? = okoni? and unlike the definite
demostrative do not take dual and plural. |
| (iii) the
interrogative unlike the definite and indefinite functions as connective
also in the sentence. |
| 2.2.1. Definite demonstrative:
The three definite demonstrative roots are-ne, en and han, where the
distance is indicated by changing the positon of the vowel in relation
to /n/, which forms the nucleus. |
| 2.2.1.1. Suffixation
for deriving other demonstratives: |
|
imin
|
‘so
much’
|
for animate
|
imin+a
|
‘so
much ‘
|
for
inanimate
|
|
|
|
Morphonemic changes:
|
|
ne + imin
|
= nimin,
|
where ‘e’
is elisioned.
|
|
en + imin
|
= imin,
|
where ‘n’
is elisioned.
|
|
|
| This gives four more
demonstratives: |
|
nimin,
imin, nimina
and imina
|
| 2.2.1.2. Suffixation
for deriving definite demonstrative pronouns: |
| /i?/ ‘for singular
animate’ |
| /a/ ‘for singular
inanimate’ |
| The animate takes/ki/
and /ko/ for dual and plural. |
|
Morpho-phonemic changes:
|
|
ne+i?
|
=
ni?
|
|
ne+ki
|
=niki
|
examples
of
|
|
ne+ko
|
= neko
|
vowel harmony.
|
|
en + ko
|
= enku
or niku
|
|
|
|
