| (i)
Leveling of pitch to /1/ throughout the sentence, till the final syllable,
or the terminal - |
|
1
2
|
|
am pi i te senoga Æ
|
‘will
you go to the market?’
|
|
1
|
|
baria merom
i
indi-a-i-a Æ
|
‘I
carried two goats for him’
|
|
|
| If no emphasis is
intended one will frequently come across such type of pitchless speech
forms, where the shade of the meaning depends mainly upon the terminal. |
| (ii) Medial
insertion of Æ or | to shorten
the phrase-length: A falling pitch may be used medially after a glottal
zed sound or a stretched pitch so that the phrase is cut short at
that point. Similarly, a/ | / may be introduced deliberately and the
phrase is shortened prematurely or without completing the intention
in that span - |
|
2
1 2
1
|
|
aidoseta?
resenoga |
|
‘I
will, however, go in the morning’
|
|
1
2
|
|
|
inu:N Æ
pe
|
‘do
play (if you like)’
|
|
3
2 1 2
1
|
|
|
jćjetaleka | aguime |
|
‘any
how bring for him’
|
|
|
| (iii) Use
of stronger stress with higher pitch: |
|
1
2 1
2
|
|
cana?mra?ja?ia
becomes
|
‘why
are your calling me?’
|
|
1
2 3 2
|
|
cana?mra?ja?ia
|
‘why
are you calling me?
|
|
|
| Here, in both forms
the purpose of the question emphasis is laid upon ra? ‘calling
which actually does not change the purpose of the question in any
way. The change of the stress to correlate with the pitch is possible
in still other way: |
|
1
2 3 1
|
cana?mra?ja?ia
|
|
|
| 1.17.5. Vocalizations:
The elements of vocalization depend upon vocal qualifiers which function
irrespective of the intonation pattern, therefore they are called
supra-international features. Taking the medium vocalization as a
normal, it can occur contrastingly in any of the two ways (or even
more) like over slow or overfast and so on. In Mundari, the following
four types of contrasting pairs usually occur: |
| (i) Over fast
and over slow - |
|
2
1 2
|
|
|
Overfast
- ju Æ seno?pe
|
‘Go
along’ (as if there is any emergency)
|
|
2
1 2
|
|
|
Overslow
- ju Æ seno?pe
|
‘Go
along!’ (a request)
|
|
|
| (ii) Overloud
and oversoft - |
|
1 2 2
|
|
|
Overloud -hela
Æ hiju?me Æ
|
'hurrah come
here' (with warmth, welcoming)
|
|
1 2
1 2
|
|
|
Overloud -hela
Æ hiju?me Æ
|
(same)
- spoken in whisper, as if conspiringly or coldly
|
|
|
| (iii) Overtense
and Overlax - |
|
2
2 1
|
|
|
Overtense
-mar Æ dolabu Æ
|
‘then,
let us proceed’ (spoken with annoyance)
|
|
2
2 1
|
|
|
Overlax-mar
Æ dolabu Æ
|
(same)
- a request or proposal.
|
|
|
(iv) Drawling
or clipping - These two variations have been indicated above also.
They occur on any syllable, where for drawling the length is stretched
and for clipping it is suddenly stopped with a jerk. The vowel involved
is given in capital letter.
|
