| 3.3.1.2.3.
Complex sentences: |
| Such sentences which
have one independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses are
complex sentences. A complex sentence has only on subject and one
finite verb. The subordinate clause may be of the type relative, adverbial,
conditional, restrictive or adjectival, as discussed in § 3.2.2. and
is embedded into the complex sentence by means of certain markers
classed as different types of relators. The process of embedding may
be generalized as follows: |
| 1. Take the
full form of the independent clause, which has to be embedded as a
subordinate to the principal to make any one of the above five subordinate
clauses. |
| 2. Remove
the f.v.m. /a/ from it. |
| 3. Suffix
the relator to the participal form thus arrived at, suitable for expressing
the intended relation. |
| 4. Place this
subordinate clause before the principal. |
| 5. There will
be only one pronominal subject suffix, which will be in the principal
clause in case of personal constructions. The embedded clause will
ahve no such suffix, i.e., the subject for this will be the same as
of the principal. |
| Any two independent
clauses can be placed in a compound sentence and it is observed that
such two clauses which may be of additive type in a compound sentence
are structured into a complex sentence, having as relative clause
one of them, without and relator: |
|
aiartanako ad lelo?ako
|
| ‘they are ahead and
they will be seen’ hence, the complex sentence /aiartanko lelo?o/
‘those who are ahead will be seen’, here /aiartanko/ is the relative
clause without marker, and as a whole acts as subject. |
| While in cases of
clauses forming compound sentences with other types of connectors
(adverbial, conditional etc.), the complex sentence will be formed
with appropriate relator having been suffixed to the clause: |
|
meromgupitanae enta? dura ga?e
|
|
‘he is grazing the goats, there he
is singing’
|
| The
complex sentence will be /meromgupitanta? duraga?
/’he sings where he is grazing the goats’. |
