| /-nam/
to the root, which, when placed before a noun, performs the function
of an adjective. |
|
gi_-nam
|
‘to go’
|
pį-nam
|
‘to get’
|
s -nam
|
‘to pull’
|
yl-nam
|
‘to mould’
|
|
kį-nam
|
‘to see’
|
sśk-nam
|
‘to spit’
|
k-nam
|
‘to sell’
|
lą-nam
|
‘to bring’
|
|
lś-nam
|
‘speak’
|
l -nam
|
‘to kick’
|
|
ti-nam
|
‘to strike’
|
yłb-nam
|
‘to sleep’
|
|
|
| 4.3.
One root stem ; |
| It
is formed with a root plus affix - |
|
Transitive
|
|
Intransitive
|
|
kį-t
|
‘sees’
|
g -t
|
‘goes'
|
m-du
|
‘does’
|
yłb-dak
|
‘slept’
|
|
|
| 4.4.
Complex stem : |
| When the
root take a verbal classifier to indicate different semantic classes,
the stem form is a complex one. |
| V
= Vr + classifier
+ affix |
g -ya-nam
|
‘to visit’
|
g-lat-nam
|
‘to come back’
|
s-sa-nam
|
‘to lift up’
|
|
bķ-pak-nam
|
‘to over-flow’
|
|
|
| (Behaviour
of verbal classifiers will be dealt with in detail in section 4.9)
|
| 4.5.
Compound stem : |
| When
two roots join together, compound stems are formed - |
| V
= root + root + affix |
knam+mnam
|
knmnam
|
|
disease+to do
|
‘to wound’
|
dnam+tnam
|
dtnam
|
|
to eat+to drink
|
‘to feast’
|
kinam+mnam
|
kinmnam
|
|
to know to do
|
‘to explain’
|
mnam+ayi_nam
|
myi_nam
|
|
to make to please
|
‘to decorate’
|
|
asi pit+zėrnam
|
|
|
water put throw
|
‘to sprinkle’
|
|
|
| 4.6.
Causatives : |
| In all
case, whether a stem is transitive or intransitive, to form causatives,
the verb stem /m*/ ‘to do’ is added to the root. |
dnam
|
dmnam
|
|
‘to eat’
|
‘to feed’
|
|
rį nam
|
rįmnam
|
|
‘to bark’
|
‘to cause to bark’
|
knam
|
knmnam
|
|
to’ wound’
|
‘to cause to wound’
|
gnam
|
gmnam
|
|
‘to go’
|
to cause to go’
|
p nam
|
pmnam
|
|
‘to weave’
|
‘to cause to weave’
|
ylnam
|
ylmnam
|
|
‘to mould’
|
‘to cause to mould’
|
ggnam
|
|
|
‘to wander’
|
‘to cause to wander’
|
|
|
