| (a)
Nouns from verb stems can be derived by adding the appropriate suffixes
i.e., /-ne/, /-tad/, /Nk¨/
and /-nam/. The suffix /-ne/ is adjectival suffixes /-tad/, /-Nk¨/
refer to abstract nouns and material nouns respectively; while /-nam/
derives action nouns. |
|
VR
+
|
-ne
=
|
Derived Noun
|
|
|
-tad
|
|
|
|
- k
|
|
|
|
-p
|
|
|
|
-nam
|
|
|
|
| (i)
Suffix /-ne/ derives a noun/adjective combination. The class membership
depends upon the syntactic behavior. |
|
Verbroot
|
|
Noun/Adjective
|
|
|
|
‘to give birth’
|
 (na)-ne |
‘birth’
|
k
|
‘to sell’
|
k-ne
|
‘seller’
|
|
gįg
|
‘to call’
|
gįg-ne
|
‘invitee’
|
g
|
‘go’
|
g-ne
|
‘one who goes’
|
pri
|
‘read’
|
pri-ne
|
‘student’
|
mka
|
‘kill’
|
mke-ne
|
‘dead’
|
s
|
‘dance’
|
s-ne
|
‘dancer’
|
|
|
| (ii)
Suffixes /-a/, /-Nk¨/
and /-nam/ derive only nouns. |
|
VR
|
|
Noun
|
|
|
lś
|
‘say’
|
lś-tad
|
‘Speech’
|
y
|
‘do’
|
y-tad
|
‘duty’
|
|
du
|
‘sit’
|
du-Nk
|
‘place to keep things,
page’
|
s
|
‘dance’
|
s-Nk
|
‘place to dance’
|
|
pį
|
‘to get’
|
pį-Nk
|
‘object to be received’
|
yl
|
‘to paint;to mould’
|
yl-nam
|
‘painting; moulding’
|
p t
|
‘to weave’
|
pt-nam
|
‘weaving’
|
rk
|
‘to beat’
|
rg-nam
|
‘beating’
|
t
|
‘to drink’
|
t-nam
|
‘drinking’
|
g
|
‘to wear’
|
g-nam
|
‘wearing’
|
tg
|
‘to write; to paint’
|
tg-nam
|
‘writing; painting’
|
|
|
| (iii)
Suffixes /nė/ and /p/
derive adjectives/nouns from other form classes : |
| VR +
{ -nė } |
| { -p} |
|
VR
|
|
Adjectives
|
|
|
bķ
|
‘bring’
|
bķ-nė
|
‘full’
|
|
tėbčg
|
‘weigh’
|
tėb čg-nė
|
‘heavy’
|
|
gś
|
‘made hot’
|
gś-nė
|
‘hot’
|
|
kin
|
‘to know’
|
kin-nė
|
‘learned’
|
t
|
‘to drink’
|
t-nė
|
‘sweet’
|
|
du
|
‘sit’
|
du-p
|
‘good place to sit’
|
|
arėm
|
‘pot’
|
arļm-nė
|
‘wealthy’
|
dmum
|
‘storm’
|
dmum-nė
|
‘stormy’
|
|
alum
|
‘solid’
|
‘alum-nė
|
‘solidness’
|
|
mig-lu
|
‘blind’
|
mig-lu-nė
|
‘blindness’
|
|
take
|
‘ginger’
|
take-nė
|
‘gingerlike’
|
|
|
| (iv)
Adverbs are formed by suffixing different adverbial case markers.
(Please refer to the section on adverb.) |
