87. |
raho + o o
ą raho- o |
‘young one of birds;
fledgling’ |
|
|
|
88 |
cohć + o o
ą cohć- o |
‘young one of buffalo’ |
|
|
|
89 |
kosa + o o
ą kosa- o |
‘young one of cat
; kitten’ |
|
|
|
90 |
osi + o o
ą osi- o |
‘plant’ |
|
wood |
|
|
|
|
91 |
ipre + o o
ą ipre- o |
‘young one of elephant’ |
|
|
|
92 |
ihĩ
+ o o
ą ihĩ
- o |
‘young one of goat
; kid’ |
|
|
|
93
|
osi + obo ą
[o]si-bo |
‘dog-turds’ |
|
turds |
|
|
|
|
94 |
ovo + obo ą
[o]vo-bo |
‘pig turds’ |
|
|
|
95 |
okhe + obo ą
[o]khe-bo |
‘tiger-turds’ |
|
|
|
96
|
otu + obo ą
[o]tu-bo |
‘cow-turds’ |
|
|
|
97 |
raho + obo ą
raho-bo |
‘bird-turds’ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
98 |
cohć + obo ą
cohć-bo |
‘buffalo-turds’ |
|
|
|
99 |
kosa + obo ą
kosa-bo |
‘cat-turds’ |
|
|
|
100 |
osi + omu ą
osi-mu |
‘pack of dogs’ |
|
group; horde |
|
|
|
|
101 |
ovo + omu ą
ovo mu |
‘group of pigs’ |
|
|
|
102 |
okhe + omu ą
okhe mu |
‘group of tigers’ |
|
|
|
103 |
raho + omu ą
raho mu |
‘group of birds’ |
|
|
|
104 |
kosa + omu ą
kosa mu |
‘group of cats’ |
|
|
|
105
|
oli ‘bee’ |
|
|
adi+koso+oli ą
adi koso li |
‘what kind of bee
? |
|
|
|
[ii]
106 |
ole + shü
ą [o]le shü
|
‘to love’ |
|
loli1
lolia-yi2 [o]
le shüe3 |
‘Loli1
loves3 Lolia2 |
|
|
|
107 |
oca
‘tea’ |
|
|
[o]ca1
sho2
le3 |
‘will3
drink2
tea1 |
|
|
|
108 |
odzü
‘water’ |
|
|
odzü1
cü2
le3 |
will3
drink2
water1 |
|
3.3.2.
|
Gender |
Gender in Mao is semantic
rather than grammatical, and hence is applied only to animate
or sentient substantives-which is why gender markers are
not necessary structural attributes of noouns. On a semanto-morphological
basis, the Mao substantive may be divided into Human-Nonhuman
classes. The Human class is not marked morphologically for
common gender but is morphologically marked for masculine
gender by -o and -na both of which are
N[umber] - G[ender] markers - and for feminine by -püi
which is an NG marker too. -pfü and -pfo which
mark gender -feminine and masculine marked lexically as
in kinship terms - especially affinal. That is, there is
no morphological indication of the gender of the referent
in the lexical item, which is an absolute form. |
Egs.
|
109 |
oni |
‘paternal aunt’ |
110 |
ope |
‘paternal aunt’s husband’ |
111 |
ocu |
‘elder brother’s wife’ |
112 |
ote |
‘son-in-law’ |
|
The Nonhuman class in turn has a three-term opposition :
Common gender which is not morphologically marked, Masculine gender which
divides further into quadrupeds except nonbovine ruminants, feathered bipeds
and insects/nonbovine ruminants, the first of the three categories
classifying into bovines i.e animals of the bos genus and nonbovine
nonruminants, Feminine gender which divides further into status-as-to
productivity-not-part-of-speaker knowledge categories, the former dividing
into productive and unproductive female animals. Cankroids take the human
generic gender words, and the word for monkey can take both khelo [masc.]
and kheni [fem.] which are gender markers for nonbovine animals and pfo o
and nie o which are the human generic
gender words. The following is an arboreally graphic representation of the
gender system of Mao Naga.
|
|
|