4.1
|
Particle
of the topic of discourse -sü. Occurs only with
subject nouns: |
|
336 |
1. |
ashuli-sü1
adi cü2
bue3
|
| |
|
where2
is3
Ashuli1
? |
| |
|
|
|
|
2. |
tina i-sü1
hi-ie2
|
| |
|
he1
died 2 |
|
|
4.2
|
Emphatic,
attention-drawing particle. -hi
can occur with any nominal constituent
in the sentence with the constraint
that at a time only one noun in rhe
sentence can take it. It is used rather
frequently in the language. |
|
Subject NP
|
| 337
|
1. |
pfo-hi1
ata2
ta3
-ko-e0 |
| |
|
he1
(is) our (excl.pl. & excl. prn.)2
relative3
|
| |
|
|
| |
2. |
ashul-hi1
a2
vo3
-ko-e0
|
| |
|
Ashuli1
(is) my2
nephew3
|
| |
|
|
| |
3. |
kaini-hi1
okhro kokhro-pf*2-ko-e |
| |
|
Kaini1
(is) (a) prostitute 2 |
| |
|
|
| |
4.
|
adani-hi1
a2
te3
-ko-e0
|
| |
|
Adani1
(is) my2
son-in-law 3 |
| |
|
|
| |
5. |
nelia-hi1
kholia2
ni3-ko-e0 |
| |
|
Nelia1
(is) Kholia2
sister-in-law3 |
| |
|
|
| |
6. |
ahia-hi1
ona2
ho-e3 |
| |
|
Athia1
has no3 children2
|
| |
|
|
| |
7. |
ai/ni-hi1
ahie2
-ko-e0
|
| |
|
who2
am/are I/you (sg.)1
? |
|
Direct Object NP
|
|
338 |
1. |
ai1
nikhrumüi-yi-hi2
sü-we3 |
| |
|
I1
know 3
you (incl. pl.)2 |
| |
|
|
|
|
2. |
ata1
pfotayi2
reeshn-hi3
pi-we4
|
| |
|
we (excl.
prn. & excl. pl.)1
give4
them (excl. pl.)2
ration3 |
| |
|
|
|
|
3. |
ai-no1
pfo-yi-hi2
khiboli3
mata-e4 |
| |
|
I1
sent4
him 2
to Kohima3
|
| |
|
|
|
|
4.
|
ni1
ovako2
takoco-hi3
ai-no4
sü-lo-e5 |
| |
|
I1
came to know5
(about) your1
going3
abroad 2 |
|
Indirect Object NP
|
|
339 |
1. |
ata1
pfota-yi-hi2
reeshn3
pi-we4 |
| |
|
we (excl. prn. &
excl. pl.)1
give4
them (excl. pl.)2
ration3
|
|
Goal NP
|
|
340 |
ai-no1
pfoyi2
khiboli-hi3
mata-e4 |
| |
I1
sent4
him2
to Kohima3
|
|
Locative NP
|
| 341
|
bazar1
-li2
-hi0
oso3
bu-e4 |
| |
there is4
meat3
in2
(the) market1
|
|
Genitive NP
|
| 342
|
pfo-hi1
mamüi kazhü2 |
| |
her1
beauty2 |
|
The ‘one-per-sent’ constraint is illustrated by
343 below
|
|
343
|
1. |
pfo-no1
caki koco-hi2 |
|
| |
|
he1
being clever2
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
pfo-hi1
caki koco- |
{O}2 |
| |
|
|
{*hi} |
|
-hi also
marks the (typically speaker-experienced) nature
of the referent identified by the fact that the
speaker is speaking out of personal experience
with (the referent of) the NP to which -hi is
postposed and that the NP is generic in scope
and the statement proverbial in nature.
|
|
344 |
1. |
raho-hi1
oa
a-li-e2 |
|
|
birds1
are of different kinds2
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
nieomüi-hi1
ozhü cü-e2 |
|
|
females1
are egoistic/self-centred/stingy
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
3. |
omüi-hi1
oa
a-li-e2
|
|
|
man1
is of different kinds2
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.
|
omüi-hi1
jü-e2 |
|
|
man1
is great2
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. |
cüvemüi-hi1
dacü-te2 |
| |
|
thieves1
are dangerous2
|
|
