| 4. |
|
ni1
larücü2
-li3
ta4
-o5 |
| |
a.
|
are4
you1
going4
to3
school2
? 5 |
| |
b.
|
did4
you1
go4
to3
school2
?5 |
| |
|
|
|
| |
|
ni1
larücü-li2
ta3
mo4
-o 5 |
|
|
1. |
are3 you1
not4 going3 to
school2 ?5 |
|
|
2. |
did3 you1
not4 going3 to2
school1 ?5 |
| |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
5
|
a. |
a1
na2
larü phro3
-o 4 |
|
|
1.
|
is
my1
son2
reading3
?4 |
|
|
2.
|
did3
my1
son2
read3
?4 |
| |
|
|
|
|
b. |
|
a1
na2
larü phro3
mo4
-o5
|
|
|
1. |
is3 not4
my1 son 2
reading3 ?5 |
|
|
2. |
did
3 not4 my1
son2 read3 ?5 |
| |
|
|
|
6. |
a. |
pfo1
ikhüi2
khi vu3
le4
-o5 |
|
|
will4 he1
come back3 this year2
?5 |
|
|
|
|
|
b. |
pfo1
ikhüi2
khi vu3
le4
mo5
-o6
|
|
|
will4 he1
not5 come back3
this year2 ?6 |
|
|
|
|
|
7. |
a. |
izho1
larücü2
shuţţi3
-o4 |
|
|
(is) today1 (a)
holiday3 for the school2
?4 |
|
|
b. |
izho1
larücü2
shuţţi3
mo4
-o5 |
|
|
is not4 today1
a holiday3 for the school
2 ?s |
|
|
|
8. |
a. |
pfo1
avu2
le3
-o4 |
|
|
will3 he1
eat his meal2 ?4 |
|
|
b. |
pfo1
avu2
le3
mo4
-o5 |
|
|
will3 he2
not4 eat his meal2
?5 |
|
|
|
|
9. |
a. |
ni1
na2
oja so-o3
-o4
|
|
|
does3 your1
son2 work as a teacher3
?4 |
|
|
b. |
ni1
na2
oja so3
mo4
-o3
-o5 |
|
|
does3 not4
your1 son2 work
as a teacher3 ?5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
a. |
ni1
na-püi2
khi vu-ţi-e3
-o4 |
|
|
has3 your (sg.)1
daughter2 come back3
?4 |
|
|
b. |
ni1
napüi2
khi vu3
-mo4
-ţi-e3
-o4 |
|
|
has3 not4
your (sg.)1 daughter2
come back3 ?4 |
|
-o also is a portmanteau morpheme marking
both seeking-confirming interrogation and the
progressive aspect as examples 288, 3-5 exemplify18
|
|
18.
|
Kalinamai and Shongshong villages have in their variety of Mao
Naga no
|
such portmanteau morpheme:
|
| phro-o-we/coe |
‘is/am/are reading
?’ |
| |
|
| read |
|
|
Note that with interrogation which is both simultaneously
information-seeking and information-confirming the answer is not
necessarily expected, assumed or hoped to be positive with
positive questions and negative with negative questions. The
affirmative and negative nature of the question derives from the
nature of the presumptive evidence perceived. However, reliable
expectation could underlie some negative questions.
|
|
289 |
izho1
larücü2
shuţţi3
-mo4
-o5 |
| |
is not4
today1
(a) holiday3
for the school2
?5 |
|
At Once information-Seeking and Information-Confirming (Plus
Surprise) Yes-No Interrogation
|
This is marked by -ha
|
|
290. |
1.a. |
ni1
izho2
ta3
le4
-ha5 |
| |
|
will4
you (sg.)1
go3 today2
(with surprise) ?5 |
|
|
|
|
|
b. |
ni1
izho2
ta3
le4
-mo5
-ha6 |
| |
|
will4
you (sg.)1
not5
go3
today2
(with surprise) ?6 |
| |
|
|
|
|
2.a. |
izho1
shuţţi2
-ha3 |
| |
|
is2
today1
(a) holiday2
?3 |
| |
|
|
|
|
b. |
izho1
shuţţi2
mo3
-ha4 |
| |
|
is2
not3 today1
a holiday2
?4 |
| |
|
|
|
|
3.a. |
ni1
idu2
ta-ţi-e3
ha4 |
|
|
did3
you1
go3
yesterday2
?4 |
|
|
|
|
|
b. |
ni1
idu2
ta-ţi-e3
mo4
-ha5 |
| |
|
did3
you (sg.)1
not4
go3
yesterday2
?5 |
| |
|
|
|
|
4.a. |
hinahi1
ni2
larübvü3
-ha4 |
| |
|
(is) this1
your 2
book3
?4 |
| |
|
|
|
|
b. |
hinahi1
ni2
larübvü mo4
-ha5 |
| |
|
(is) not4
this1
your2
book3
?5 |
| |
|
|
|
|
5. |
hibvü-o1
-ha2 |
| |
|
like this1
?2 |
|
|
|
|
|
hibvü-o1
-mo2
-ha3 |
|
|
not2
like this1
?3 |
|
Notice that -ha, when in it occurs in
interrogative phrases, marks invariably information-seeking
interrogation while when it occurs in interrogative
sentences (including action deictics as in 290.5),
marks interrogation which is surprised and is
at once information- seking and -confirming.
|
