|
222. |
1. |
ai1
lohe2 vuvu-we3 |
| |
|
I1
keep going3 there2
|
| |
|
|
|
|
2. |
ai1
lohe2 vuvu3
co-mo-e4 |
| |
|
I1
do not (keep)4
go (ing)3 there2
|
| |
|
|
|
|
3. |
ai1
lohe2 vu3
co-mo-e4 |
|
It is to be noted that mo
the negative marker is not postposed directly to the verb
but to co the habitual aspect marker, in effect
the negative iterative and one kind of habitual aspect becoming
formally identical. Thus
|
| *1a. |
ai1
lohe2 vuvu3
mo-e4 |
| |
I1
do not4 (keep)
go (ing)3 there2 |
| |
|
| but |
|
| |
|
| |
ic. ai lohe vuvu
co-moe |
|
However, negating the verb
reduplicated for the iterative is restricted to a few verbs
and is not common.
|
|
223 |
.1. |
a1
pfo2 ayi3
da co4 -mo5
-e4 |
| |
|
my1
father 2 does
not5 beat4
me (at all)3 |
| |
|
|
|
|
2. |
a1
na pfo o2
kra co3 -mo4
-e2 |
| |
|
my1
son2 does not4
cry (at all)3 |
| |
|
|
|
|
3. |
sibo1
shillong 2 -li3
ta co4 -mo5
-e4 |
| |
|
Sibo1
does not5 go4
to3 Shillong2
(at all) |
| |
|
|
|
|
4. |
ocü ni co1
-mo2 -e |
| |
|
it1
does not2 shine1
(at all) |
| |
|
|
|
|
5. |
a1
na (pfoo)2
mozü co3 -mo4
-e |
| |
|
my1
son2 does not4
pass water3 (at
all) |
|
3.4.15.5.6.
|
Progressive |
The
Progressive, when it occurs in the negative, is marked by
three possible markers : V-o bu, co and more interestingly,
by V-o, -mo being added to these. The third mode
does not occur in the affirmative.
|
|
224. |
1. |
pfo-hi1
to-o bu-e2 |
she1
is eating2 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
pfo-hi1
to-o bu2 mo3
-e |
she1
is2 not3
eating2 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
3. |
pfo-hi1
to co-e2 |
she1
is eating2 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
pfo-hi1
to co2 -moe3
|
she1
is2 not3
eating2 |
| |
|
|
|
| |
??5. |
pfo-hi
1 to-o-e2
|
she1
is eating2 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
6. |
pfo-hi1
to-o2 mo-e3 |
she1
is2 not3
eating2 |
| |
|
|
| Similarly, |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
6. |
pfota1
kokru co-e2 |
|
| |
|
they (excl. pl.)1
are playing2
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
7. |
pfota1
kokru co2 -mo3
-e |
|
| |
|
they (excl. pl.)1
are2 not3
playing 2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
8. |
pfota1
kokru-o bu-e2
|
|
| |
|
they (excl.pl.)1
are playing 2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
9. |
pfota1
kokru-o bu2 mo3
-e |
|
| |
|
they (excl. pl.)1
are2 not3
playing2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
10. |
pfota1
kokru-o-e2 |
|
| |
|
they (excl.pl.)1
are2 not3
playing2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
11. |
pfota1
kokru-o2 mo3
-e 3 |
|
| |
|
they1
are2 not3
playing2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
12. |
hipüi1
shi co-e2 |
|
| |
|
she1
is knitting2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
13. |
hipüi1
shi co2 -mo3
-e |
|
| |
|
she1
is not3 knitting2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
14. |
hipüi1
shi-o bu-e2 |
|
| |
|
she1
is knitting2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
15. |
hipüi1
shi-o bu2 mo3
-e |
|
| |
|
she1
is2 not
3 knitting2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*16. |
hipüi1
shi-o-e2 |
|
| |
|
she1
is knitting2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
17. |
hipüi1
shi-o2 mo3
-e |
|
| |
|
she1
is2 not3
knitting2 ; she
doesn’t know (how to) |
|
Negative with -we, another progressive aspect marker
is not possible
|
|
225. |
1. |
to-we ‘am/is/ |
are eating |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*1a. |
to1
mo2 -we1 |
am/is/are1
not2 eating
1 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
kokru-we |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*2a. |
kokru1
mo2 -we1 |
am/is/are1
not2 playing1 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
3. |
shi-we |
am/is/are knitting |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*3a. |
shi1
mo2 -we1 |
am/is/are1
knitting1 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
olo so-we |
am/is/are singing |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*4a. |
olo so1
mo2 -we1 |
am/is/are1
not2 singing |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
5. |
pe-we |
am/is/are speaking |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*5a.
|
pe1
mo2 -we |
am/is/are1
not2 speaking1
|
|
