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3.3.7.12.
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Case Neutralization |
As may be expected, case markers
show up in relative participial phrases, there being no neutralization when
the head noun is derived, no absolute.
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534. |
1a. |
a hisü1
le-ka-shü-püi2
|
‘the female
whom2 Athisü1
loves2 |
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b. |
ahisü1
le-ka-shü-püi2
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‘the female
who loves2 Athisü1
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2a. |
a-no1
koso-khru2 |
the doings
that’l1 effected
2 |
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*b. |
a1
kosokhru2 |
my1
doings2 |
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3a. |
manini-yi1
modokapio2 |
the
one who taught2
Manini1 |
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b. |
manini-no1
modokapio2 |
the one
whom2 Manini1
taught2 |
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4a. |
nieomüi1
duno2 larü
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the place
of learning3
for2 females1
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amodocü
3 |
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*b |
*nieomüi1
larü amodocü2
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women’s1
college2 |
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5. |
odo1
-lino2 ovo kosona3
|
the one
who works/worked3
in2 the field
1 |
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6. |
a1
he2 kovuo
3 |
the
one who came3
to2 me1
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7a. |
kaikho1
heno2 larü amodomüi3
|
the ones
who studied/learnt3
from2 Kaikho1
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b. |
lokho1
heno2 ano-koona3
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the one
who asked questions3
of 2 Lokho1
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In the case of the locative case, however, there
need be no neutralization even when the head noun is absolute :
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535 |
1 |
dzü-khe-li dzü
|
‘the water in the
well ; well water’ |
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2. |
korü-li
kho |
‘the fish in
the river ‘ river fish’ |
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3. |
oracüe-va
ovu |
‘the stars in the
sky’ |
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4. |
ive-li khena
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‘the animals in the
forest ‘ forest animals’ |
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5. |
ininu-li-müi
|
‘people in the village
; villagers’ |
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Otherwise, neautralization takes
place only when the head noun is absolute. Five cases seem subject to such
neautralization. (a) the nominative (b) the ergative (c) direct object or
the accusative, (d) benefactive and (e) locative. Neutralization of the
locative is not preferred or elegant, although it is entirely possible.
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536. |
a. |
a larübvü
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‘my book’ |
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b. |
pfo vo |
‘his work’ |
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c. |
lopüi ja
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‘her teacher’ |
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{ lopüi-yi
} |
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cf. |
{
} kho-koo-na |
‘her rapist’ |
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{*lopüi}
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