|
4.5.2.9.
|
III person |
edi, she, it evasika/eva
‘they/these’
|
|
Singular
Plural |
Nominative case
|
|
|
| idi/edi/udi |
ivasika/uvasika/ |
ivi/uvi/ |
| Genitive case |
|
|
| edaņi |
evasika |
eva?ĩ |
| Accusative case |
|
|
| edaņi?
ĩ |
evasika?
ĩ |
eva?ini |
| edaņi?ini |
evasika?ani |
|
| Dative case |
|
|
| edaņiki |
evasikaki |
eva?ĩki |
| Instrumental-Sociative |
|
|
| eda¸itole |
evasikatole |
eva?
ĩtole |
Locative case
|
|
|
| eda¸ita:na |
evasikata:ņa |
eva?
ĩta:ņa |
| Ablative case |
|
|
| eda¸ita:naţi |
evasikata:ņaţi |
eva? ĩta:ņati |
| edaniho?
ỏti |
evasikaho?
ỏţi |
eva? ĩho?ỏti |
|
4.5.2.10.
|
Reflexive pronouns:
|
ta:nu he, she
it
ta:mba ‘they’
|
Case
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| Nominative |
ta:nu |
ta:mba |
| Genitive |
ta:na |
ta:mba ~ ta:mma |
| Accusative |
|
|
| Dative |
ta:ńgo |
ta:mgo |
| Instrumental |
|
|
| Sociative |
ta:natole |
ta:mmatole |
| Locative |
ta:nata:ņaţi |
ta:mmata:ņaţi |
|
ta:naho?
ŏţi |
ta:mmaho?
ŏţi |
|
It will be noted from the foregoing that the Œccustative-dative
have only one form in the 1st and 2nd person, singular and plural personal
pronouns and also in the reflexive pronouns.
|
It will also be noted that the locative is formed by the addition of ta:¸a
rather than the locative suffix-tal. It is difficult to decide whether ta:¸a
is a suffix or a post position. It will probably be considered a post
position since the ablative suffix-ţi
is added to it.
|
|
4.6. |
Noun Formation |
4.6.1
|
Complex Stems
|
Noun stems consisting of one root and one or more derivational suffixes are
called complex stems. Complex stems behave like simple stems in entering
into inflection with morphs representing the categories of gender, number,
and case.
|
4.6.1.1.
|
There is
a class of nouns consisting of pairs of stems
each of which involves the derivative suffixes
-a, -?esi, ‘male’ and -i, -a: i
‘female’. These suffixes are added to bound or
free roots to denote sex difference in persons. |
| ka:ņa |
‘blind man’ |
ka:ņi |
‘blind woman’ |
| totla |
‘stammerer’ |
totli |
‘stammerer (fem.) |
 okra |
‘man’ |
·okri |
‘woman’ |
| buŗha |
‘old man’ |
buŗhi |
‘old woman’ |
| soţţa |
‘lame man’ |
soţţi |
‘lame woman’ |
| kamsala?esi |
‘goldsmith’ |
kamsala:ŗi |
‘woman
goldsmith’ |
| sa:kala?esi |
‘washerman’
|
sa:kala:ŗi |
‘washer
woman’ |
|
