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6.6.1.3.0

 


Non-Past

 
6.6.1.3.0


 
Non-past tense refers to an event or state which is not prior to the time of the utterance. Thus the non-past in Kuvi refers to the present as well as the future.
 
6.6.1.3.1.




 
The non-past tense suffix is f ¥ -d ~ j- ¥ -n. f occurs when the subject is first person singular, -j ~ -d occurs with second person plural when the verb root ends in -1 and other vowels respectively, and -n occurs elsewhere. The tense suffix is added to the verb base which is then followed by the person-number-gender suffix. Paradigm is given below.
 
na:nu ha? ‘I go’
ma:mbu hannomi  ‘We (excl.) will go’
ma:ro hannayi  ‘We (incl.) will go’
ni:nu hajji  ‘You go’
mi:ru hajjeri  ‘You (pl./hon.) go’
evasi hannesi  ‘He goes’
edi hanne  ‘She/it goes’
evari hanneri  ‘They (masc. hum.) go’
evasika/evi hannu  ‘They (non-masc., hum./
non-hum) go’

6.6.1.3.2.
 
Present occurs with adverbs of time
 na:nu ne?e ra:yagaa ha? ĩ ‘I go to Rayagada now’

6.6.1.3.3.
 
Future with adverbs of time
na:nu vi?e ra:yagada ha? ĩ   ‘I will go to Rayagada  tomorrow’

 

  Present or future without adverbs of time -ambiguous.
 
na:nue:yumi?ĩ                 ‘I bathe’ (at the time of the speech act)
or  ‘I will bathe’ (at a later time)                                                      

6.6.1.3.5
 
The non-past tense is also used to express timeless truth as
maha:puru kajja manne            ‘God is great’ 
 
Habitual action 
 
 evasi ra:yaga·ahannesi              ‘He goes to Rayagada’
 ma:mbu dinomi? eka: pihannesi    ‘We drink coffee everyday’

6.7.
 
Mood
Mood is the distinction in the verb to express the speakers point of view about the occurrence of the event or state.
 

 6.7.1.
 
Indicative :
Simple declarative sentences are said to be in the indicative mood. It is morphologically unmarked.
               
na:nu ijjo hatte?è ‘I went home’
He came yesterday’     ‘He came yesterday’ 

6.7.2.
 
Imperative : 

The imperative mood is used for expressing commands, requests etc.
 
 6.7.2.1

 
The imperative suffix is -mu ¥ -du. -mu is used when the subject is second person singular.
 
ki:mu  ‘(you) do’
hoņmu  ‘(you) run’
hoŗmu  ‘(you) enter’
 

 

 
 
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