| Examples: |
b«-ta-n 2
|
may
|
 a-ru-di |
|
pron.pre.elder-brotherto
(I.O.)
|
- rice
(D.O.) .
|
eat.give-imp
|
|
|
| ‘Give
food to your elder brother.’ |
bu-pha .n2
|
tµy
|
ru-di
|
|
pron.pre.-tree-to
|
(I.O.)
water
|
(D.O) give-imp.
|
|
|
| ‘Give water to
the tree’ |
|
bu-bagra
|
ihiri-nc2
|
|
|
pron.pre.king
|
queen-to
(I.O.)
|
house -clas.-one
(D.O.)
|
s namb.y
|
ru-kha
|
|
|
build-ing
|
give-past.
|
|
|
|
| ‘The king built
and presented a house to the queen.’ |
| 3.1.6.4. The instrumental
case is the case of the ‘instrument’ with the help of which
the action of the verb is performed. It is expressed by suffixing
-bay1 ‘by’ to the nouns. |
| Examples: |
hapan-bay1
|
ari
|
hu-di
|
|
soap-with
|
cloth
|
wash-imp.
|
|
|
| ‘Wash cloth with
soap.’ |
b
|
gari-bay1
|
phay-ka
|
|
he
|
cart-by
|
come-past
|
|
|
| ‘He came by cart.’ |
| 3.1.6.5.
The associative case express the accompaniment
of a person on an animal with the subject in doing the action of the
verb and is expressed by adding the suffix-bay2 ‘with.’ |
| Examples: |
|
ram
|
bibi-bay2
|
phay-anu
|
|
Ram
|
elder-sister-
with
|
come-will
|
|
|
| ‘Ram will come
with his elder sister.’ |
|
bu-pha-bay2
|
bi-ni2
.-father-with
|
yar
|
tha-ka
|
|
pron.pre.
|
he-of friend
.
|
|
come-past
|
|
|
| ‘His father’s
friend went with his father’. |
| 3.1.6.6. The locative
case expresses the location of a person, thing or animal in space
or time and is expressed by adding -
‘in, on’ to the noun. It also occurs with motion verbs like
‘go’, ‘come’, etc., and gives the allative meaning.
Since the locative and the allative meanings are dependent on the
meaning of the verb and thus are in complementary distribution, they
are treated here as one case. |
| Examples: |
(1) tk
|
bu-pha-
|
auk-kha
|
|
bird
|
pron.pre.-tree-on
|
sit-past.
|
|
|
| ‘The bird sat
on the tree.’ |
|
bi-ni
|
yag-
|
ra
|
kµrµy
|
|
pron.pre.-of
|
hand-in
|
money
|
not
|
|
|
| ‘There is no
money in his hand. |
